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Mitosis

cell cycle - all the activities in a cell

  • begins w/ formation of new cell, ends w/ cell replication
  • mitosis - replication/division of nucleus in a eukaryotic cell
    • rarely occurs in bone/neuron cells
  • cytokinesis - division of cell/cytoplasm
    • doesn't take place in multinucleated cells like striated muscle fibers, algal filaments
  • interphase - G1, S, G2 phases
    • G1 phase - majority of cellular activity
    • S phase - DNA replicated, produces identical pairs of chromatids attached at the centromere
    • G2 phase - structures for mitosis made

mitosis - separates genetic material, makes nucleus for each set of DNA

  • prophase - mitotic spindle forms between centrioles
    • kinetochore fibers attach to kinetochore protein disk on centromere
    • aster - microtubules radiating from the centriole to brace it
  • metaphase - chromosomes align in cell's center
  • anaphase - sister chromatids separate
  • telophase - mitotic apparatus disassembles

mitosis in animal cells - asters form w/ centrioles at the center

  • cleavage furrow - forms during cytokinesis, pinches cell in 2
  • embryos offer most examples of mitosis

mitosis in plant cells - no asters, centrioles

  • meristems - areas of rapid cell division at root tips
  • cell plate - separation that forms perpendicular to axis of spindle apparatus, grows out to periphery
Subject: 
Biology
Subject X2: 
Biology

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