Biology

Cell Biology Objectives and Worksheet 2: Cell-to-Cell and Signal Transduction Name____________________ Objectives: Write out material in your course notebook. Cell to cell communication and signal transduction. Distinguish among types of cell-to-cell communication {autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, cytokine, cell surface markers, neurotransmitter} List major classes of receptors. Explain or diagram the specific structural components of the types. List and describe the components of signal transduction and the molecules involved. Write out specific second messenger signal transduction pathways (see tables 6.1 & 6.2). Define each of the following and predict their effect on signal transduction: agonist and antagonist for one receptor

AP Biology: DNA Replication Lab You will use simulations to demonstrate the structure and replication of DNA in this laboratory exercise. As you have studied, the genetic information for living organisms is stored in the structure of deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA). Our DNA molecules carry the genetic code for inherited characteristics in the triplet-coded sequences of its nitrogen bases. Each time a cell divides, its DNA is precisely duplicated (DNA replication) so that the DNA of the cells formed is identical to that of the original cell.

Mechanisms of Bacterial Genetic Recombination Genetic Transfer Genetic transfer is the mechanism by which DNA is transferred from a donar to a recipient. In bacteria genetic transfer can happen three ways: Transformation Transduction Conjugation A recombination event must occur after transfer in order that the change in the genome be heritable (passed on to the next generation). Transformation After death or cell lyses, some bacteria release their DNA into the environment. Other bacteria, generally of the same species, can come into contact with these fragments, take them up and incorporate them into their DNA by recombination. This method of transfer is the process of transformation. Any DNA that is not integrated into the chromosome will be degraded.

Name __________________________________ Period ___________ AP Biology Lab 7: Genetics of Drosophila (virtual version) Overview In this lab you will be doing virtual genetic crosses of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). You will learn how to collect data from F1 and F2 generations and analyze the results from a monohybrid, dihybrid, or sex-linked cross. Objectives Use chi-square to analyze data Understand the life cycle of fruit flies Investigate the independent assortment of two genes and determine whether the two genes are autosomal or sex-linked using a multi-generation experiment Introduction

Practice Problems ? Osmosis and Water potential Use this key to answer all the problems below. If you choose B or C, rewrite the statement so that it is complete and true. A = TRUE B = FALSE C = NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION PROBLEM ONE: The initial molar concentration of the cytoplasm inside a cell is 2M and the cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 2.5M. Initially, free energy is greater inside the cell than outside It is possible that this cell is already in equilibrium with its surroundings. Initially, solute concentration is greater outside the cell than inside. Water will enter the cell because solute potential is lower inside the cell than outside.