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AP World History: Religions Flashcards

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5148085086Buddhism Important People1)Siddhartha Gautama aka. Budda "Enlightened One" 2)Ashoka (Indian emperoer) converts to Buddhism giving it legitimacy as a religion0
5148347736Buddhism Important TextsSutras: records of the oral teachings of Gautama Buddha1
5148372709Buddhist Origin, Location, Hisotrical Context-India, no caste system, can bring about peace2
5148388780Buddhist Basic PrinciplesAll pain, sorrow, and poverty is caused by attachment to worldly things, let go of these and pain and suffering will leave you as well3
5148403391Buddhist: Eight Fold Paththe way, the path, the steps to reach nirvana4
5148416919Buddhist: 4 Noble TruthsOrdinary life is full of suffering,suffering is caused by our desire to satisfy ourselves, end suffering by ending desire for selfish goals and to see others as extensions of ourselves.The way to end desire is to follow the Middle Path (or eightfold path)5
5148430555Buddhism: View of WomenWomen should obey husband, and men should respect wives, could take some religious positions but they were not prominent as men6
5148547906Buddhism: Art / ArchitectureRock cut caves, stupas/pagodas, some symbolism in artwork like the lotus flower7
5148571412Buddhism: How the Religion SpreadSpreads to China, however because the religion was not created in China they never take it as their own empire wide religion MISSONARIES8
5148587712Buddhism: Historical ImpactBrought about peace, giving freedom to people of the lower caste, an escape from a restricted system9
5148604849Taoism: Important peopleLaozi (Lao Tzu), was a philosopher and writer, who created Taoism, and author of the Tao Te Ching10
5148637954Taoism: Important Text1) Tao Te Ching, written by Lao Tzu (his teachings) 2) Chuang Tzu - teachings as well, written by Zhuang Zhou11
5148670591Taoism: Origin, Location, Historical ContextOriginated China Created out of the chaos during the Warring States (w/ Confucianism and Legalism)12
5148691691Taoism: Basic Principles-Dao, "the way" "path", of nature -Force that governs all the workings of the world -Force that acted in perfect harmony with the principles of nature -Ying Yang13
5148752689Taoism: View of Woman-Likes the general attitude and qualities of women, encourages men to adapt these qualities -had some religious jobs14
5148770740Taoism: Art /Architecturealchemy bronze sculptures15
5148805870Spread of Taoismspread through travel, trader routes, some missionaries but not like Buddhists16
5148821697Taoism: Historical ImpactIdea of balance Ying Yang In some way ended the period of Warring States with peaceful ways of religion, creating stability17
5148841164Confucianism: Important peopleConfucius: tried to gain political power / position but never succeeded, thinker and educator18
5148851535Confucianism: Important TextsThe Analects: short book composed of Confucius' ideas (written by his students and later scholars) "Religious Text" for Confucianism19
5148870104Confucianism: Origin, Location, Historical ContextOne of the 3 religions that is created out the Warring States period in China20
5148893445Confucianism: Basic PrinciplesIf the leaders act well, to lower people will be encouraged to do so as well -Ren: attitude of kindness/ benevolence /sense of humanity -ruler/ subject, parent/ child, husband/wife, older bro/younger bro, friend/friend21
5148926049Confucianism: View of WomenIdea of Ren shows it is a patriarchal society, not mentioning sister -Women were giving education for the benefit of husbands and children (not women)22
5148931365Confucianism: Art / Architecturenot much art, but are that did exist brought prosperity in the Zhou Dynasty23
5148948859Spread of ConfucianismSpread through conquerors and crusaders trade, etc.24
5148961165Confucianism: Historical ImpactBringing order in a time of chaos in China (period of warring states)25
5148973420Hinduism: Important peopleno one founder, gov. created to create order, and combined this with Vedic beliefs26
5148981322Hinduism: Important TextsSanskrit Sutras: formed from Vedic religions Upanishads: oral tradition, from vedas27
5148991673Hinduism: Origin, Location, Historical ContextIndia caste system to maintain order, belief of reincarnation -came from the mixing of Vedic Aryan religion and gov. wanting order28
5149007886Hinduism: Basic Principlesformed around Vedic Principles and Beliefs -Brahman: single force of ultimate reality -Atman: duty of individuals to seek, to know this ultimate reality -Karma: force generated by persons actions, determines how one will be reborn in next life -caste system29
5149064855Hinduism: View of Womenpatriarchal society, in some extreme situations we see sati -women needed to be controlled in order for men to succeed30
5149077615Hinduism: Art / Architecture-used paintings and statues to depict gods -gods were not always depicted as humans, but as animals as well31
5149088898Hinduism: How it spreadspread through ritual and the visual and preforming arts -travel, trade routes32
5149100422Hinduism: Historical Impact-caste system in India -religious and political belief, so you see prevalent in other areas -one of the main religions because of the population of India33
5149115629Christianity: Important People- Jesus34
5149118959Christianity: Important TextsThe Bible (New and Old Testaments and Gospel)35
5149124065Christianity: Origin, Location, Historical ContextJerusalem, Bethlehem, Israel, Roman Empire - from Judaism36
5149136123Christianity: Basic PrinciplesGolden Rule Resurrection of Jesus = foundation of this religion37
5149148164Christianity: View of Womenpatriarchal, women preformed her duties in the house38
5149155515Christianity: Art / Architecture-cathedrals, steeples, Pictures of Jesus suffering, pictures depicting biblical stories, stain glass windows39
5149265880Spread of Christianitytrade routes, missionaries, Paul's letters40
5149269331Christianity: Historical ImpactBecomes religion for outsiders, and although many tried to stop the religion is flourished41
5149275812Judaism: Important PeopleMoses (saved people from Egypt) Abraham (founder of Abrahmanic religions, including Judaism, Islam and Christianity)42
5149275813Judaism: Important TextsThe Torah / TaNaK43
5149279081Judaism: Origin, Location, Historical Contextseen as first monotheistic religion 10 Commandments given to Moses on Mt. Sinia44
5149279082Judaism: Basic Principles10 Commandments45
5149281220Judaism: View of WomenPatriarchal , household duties46
5149313896Judaism: Art / Architecturesynagogues, and temples47
5149316862Spread of Judaismtrade routes diaspora: exile, and spread from homeland of Israel48
5149319895Judaism: Historical ImpactScapegoats outsiders but through all of this they kept there faith and beliefs49
5149381483Zoroastrianism: Location and FounderPersian empire -Zarathustra (founder, creater)50
5149413635Zoroastrianism: Holy BookAvesta - told through word of mouth and then written down - Gathas - hymns composed in honor of various deities51
5149437690Zoroastrianism: Basic Beliefs- Ahura Mazda = supreme being no need to feel bad about wealth, you have wealth because that was Ahura Mazda's plan for you52
5149385368Shintoism / Animism / Shamanismeverything found in nature no human entities53
5149460205Taoist: Poetrynature and paradoxical references are expresses, which reflect taoist beliefs -reference mystery of the dao "they way" -self reflection, in nature oriented poetry54
5149480771Ancestor respect in East AsiaConfucianism - practiced ancestor reverence - ancestors souls lived on after death -families seen as a unit of both those living and dead -ceremonies at, home, temple, graveyards -seek advice from ancestors -showed family loyalty -patriarch in charge55
5149508267How Greek Plays influenced neighboring places- many came together united not for entertainment, as well as to be enlightened -because many plays dealt with cultural occurrences or religious beliefs56
5149526553Dev. of Roman empire ArchitectureChange from Republic to Empire causes development in architecture -forums, basilicas, baths, amphitheaters, temples, roads, and aqueducts - big works were done by gov. and religious power b/c they had most money, and these projects were expensive57

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