64 Court Cases
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| Don't have to stand for the pledge or salute the flag | ||
| The states can be taxed for secular purposes such as providing transportation of Catholic children to schools | ||
| Direct government assistance to religious schools is unconstitutional. established the Lemon test | ||
| Can't have religious messages on public grounds | ||
| The mere promotion of religion is unconstitutional outside of context | ||
| Religious release from schools upon parental request is okay. | ||
| Religious behavior can't go against state laws or be practiced on the job. | ||
| Can't advance a religion in public schools | ||
| "clear and present danger" test at the country levels | ||
| "clear and present danger" test at state levels. The amendments apply to state laws | ||
| Taking away rights in school must be more than just reasons of discomfort. You must justify for taking away the rights. | ||
| Obsecenity is not approved in speeches in schools | ||
| Public school officials can impose limits on school sponsored publications | ||
| Imposed the tests on whether or not certain contents issued publicly are obscene or not/legal. Established the "miller test" | ||
| A flag can be burned because it doesn't suggest a clear and present danger | ||
| The New York Times can publish the Pentagon Papers. The government didn't overcome the "heavy presumption" Prior restraint. | ||
| Random Drug Testing is allowed in schools for extracurricular activities | ||
| Right to be represented by a court appointed attorney if necessary | ||
| Students have to have some sort of Due process (they can't just randomly be expelled/suspended) | ||
| Can't use evidence found the wrong way to incriminate a person (Exclusionary Act) | ||
| Reasonable Suspicion is implemented | ||
| Can't expect privacy for garbage when it is put on the curb | ||
| Juveniles have the right to due process | ||
| The state law about slaves rules over other laws | ||
| De jure segregation is ended, "Seperate but equal is inherently unequal" | ||
| Busing is used to end segregation in the South | ||
| Desegregation does not require a specific racial balance in grades, schools or classrooms | ||
| You cannot deny people admission to palces based on gender | ||
| Revoked the tax-exempt status of the university because they could not meet the requirement ofproviding a beneficial and stable community life because of the status of segregation. | ||
| Quotas are unconstitutional but race as criteria is ok | ||
| Point systems not allowed, affirmative action still okay | ||
| Victims cannot sue their attackers in federal court | ||
| Every state distrcit must have roughly the same population per delegate | ||
| States cannot completely ban abortion | ||
| Private entities can discriminate until they let the public in. The PGA lets the public watch the games, therefore its a public tournament. | ||
| No racial restrictive covenant can be enforced | ||
| There must be full re-counts on all votes in a state | ||
| States do not have to follow the Bill of Rights, just the federal government | ||
| The city can take land for tax revenue. The government can take land for a private developer. | ||
| Upheld limits on individual campaign contributions, but not on what the candidate spends out of his or her own pocket. | ||
| The interment of Japanese Americans in WWII is ok | ||
| Gays can be excluded as scount masters | ||
| Private organizations can exclude people that they do not think will convey their message | ||
| Congressional districts must be roughly the same size. | ||
| No manipulating districts to be minority and majority districts | ||
| Entrapment Conviction is upheld | ||
| Did not incorporate the 4th Amendment | ||
| Banned polygamy | ||
| 14th amendment does not restrict the police powers of the states | ||
| Consenting adults have the right to privacy | ||
| Established national supremacy | ||
| Established judicial review | ||
| Once a contract is taken and passed legally between the hands of the proprietors, there is nothing that can be done by the legislature | ||
| Government is able to regulate interstate commerce | ||
| Ruled parts of the Communications Decency Act (CDA) were unconstitutional because they restricted freedom of speech. Exception: Obscenity and Child pornography | ||
| Established malice which means knowledge of falsity and reckless disregard for the truth | ||
| Conspiring to overthrow the government as part of the communist party does not violate the 1st amendment | ||
| No absolute executive privilege or immunity | ||
| If a state seeks to impose an injunction in violation of First Amendment rights, it must provide strict procedural safeguards, including immediate appellate review. Absent such review, a stay must be granted | ||
| Established what age Amish people could leave school/ set the appropriate age limit for what kids will be doing in life | ||
| States cannot deny equal protection | ||
| You can't execute a kid because their mind isn't fully developed | ||
| President is not protected from civil litigation nor from things that happened before he or she entered office. | ||
| Established the Miranda rights, someone must be read their rigths before they sign a confession so they cannot self incriminate themselves. |