Chapter 19 Biology- Plant Diversity
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| Multicellular autotroph in which the embryo develops within the female gametophyte | ||
| System of tube-shaped cells that branches throughout a plant and transports water, mineral nutrients, and organic molecules | ||
| Chemical that hardens certain plant cell walls | ||
| Waxy coating on the leaves other aboveground parts of plants that helps the plant retain water | ||
| Microscopic pores in a leaf's surface | ||
| In flowering plants, protective organ inside a flower that bears seeds; in animals, female reproductive organ that produces egg cells and hormones | ||
| Haploid generation of a plant; produces gametes | ||
| Diploid generation of a plant; produces spores | ||
| Alternation between gametophyte and sporophyte in life cycle of a plant | ||
| Plant, such as a moss, lacking lignin-hardened vascular tissue | ||
| 3 kinds of bryophytes? | ||
| Bryophytes named for their hornlike sporophytes, which grow from their parental gametophytes | ||
| Bryophytes named for the liver-shaped appearance of the gametophyte | ||
| Member of a group of seedless vascular plants with lignin-hardened support tissues that include ferns | ||
| Differences between pteridophytes and bryophytes | ||
| Dominant fern generation in pteridophytes? | ||
| Dominant generation in bryophytes? | ||
| Most diverse and widespread of pteridophytes, more than 12,000 species. Most have large leaves called fronds and thrive in shady forests. | ||
| Looks like a little pine tree; has vascular tissue but no seeds. Common on the forest floors of the northeaster United States. | ||
| Generally grow in marshy, sandy areas. Outer layer of cells is embedded with silica, which gives the plant a gritty texture. Before the modern scouring pad was invented, people used the stems of these to scrub pots and pans; aka "scouring rushes." | ||
| Stalks are the sporophytes, mat consists of tightly packed gametophyte plants. Mat has spongy qualities that enables it to absorb and retain water. | ||
| Plant that bears seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary; "naked" | ||
| Much-reduced male gametophyte of seed plants that contains cells that develop into sperm | ||
| Plant embryo packaged along with a food supply within a protective coat | ||
| Structure in seed plants in which the female gametophyte develops | ||
| 3 adaptations of gymnosperms | ||
| Many species were common when dinosaurs were alive. Fan-like leaves that turn yellow and are shed in autumn. Fruits are actually fleshy seeds; tolerates air pollution well | ||
| Species have large, palm-like leaves; seeds develop on the surface of specialized leaves that are packed closely, forming a cone | ||
| Most common; nearly all are evergreens; retain leaves throughout the year | ||
| 4 types of gymnosperms? | ||
| Includes the Mormon tea plant | ||
| 3 types of pteridophytes? | ||
| Flowering plant | ||
| Specialized plant that functions in reproduction; unique to angiosperms | ||
| Male reproductive organ of a flower | ||
| Female reproductive organ of a flower | ||
| Nutrient-storing tissue that nourishes the developing embryo of a plant | ||
| Riped ovary of a flower | ||
| Example of a "living fossil." Only surviving species of the oldest branch of the angiosperm lineage. Only found on island of New Caledonia. | ||
| Form another clade of flowering plants that evolved before monocots and dicots | ||
| Representative species | ||
| E.g. roses, poppies, peas, sunflowers, oaks, and maples. 4 or 5 petals | ||
| E.g. day lilies, orchids, irises, palms, and grasses. 3 flower petals |