Chapter 2 Chemistry for Biology
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| anything that has mass and occupies space | ||
| simplest form of matter | ||
| simplest form of an element | ||
| positive charged subatomic particles | ||
| subatomic particles with no charge | ||
| negative charged particles, located in regions or clouds | ||
| State changes like ice melting or liquid boiling are examples of a | ||
| bond with sharing electrons | ||
| bond with transfering electrons | ||
| chemical reactions within a living organism | ||
| shows number and kind of atoms in a compound | ||
| shows shape, number and kinds of atoms in a compound | ||
| Wood rotting, food digestion, gas forming are all examples of a | ||
| Atoms of the same element with different neutrons | ||
| Atoms that bond together by sharing electrons | ||
| Weak acids or bases in living things that help maintain homeostasis when pH changes. | ||
| Solute evenly distributed in a solvent | ||
| A scale that measures the number of hydrogen ions in a solution | ||
| pH between 1-6.9 is considered an _____ | ||
| pH between 7.1 to 14 is considered a _____ | ||
| Compounds made of C,H,O in a 1:2:1 ratio. | ||
| Simple sugars, starch, sucrose, fructose, glycogen, cellulose are examples of | ||
| Composed of much more C and H atoms than O atoms. Insoluble in water example: waxes fat oil | ||
| Lipids with all single bonds and completely full of H atoms | ||
| Lipids with double or triple bonds with less H atoms | ||
| Contains C, H, O and N. | ||
| A protein that speeds up a chemical reaction | ||
| Molecules that react inside an enzyme causing a chemical change | ||
| contains C,H,O, N, and P. Chains of nucleotides | ||
| Subunits of nucleic acids made of a sugar, base and phosphate | ||
| Examples DNA and RNA | ||
| Process that changes one set of substances into something new by forming bonds | ||
| Substance that enter into a chemical reaction | ||
| Energy needed for a reaction to start | ||
| Reaction that absorbes energy | ||
| Reaction that releases energy | ||
| When compounds have slight negative and positive charges on areas of the atoms which causes hydrogen bonds | ||
| Bonds between hydrogen atom and oxygen atom of another water molecule | ||
| Attraction between molecules of the same substance. Creates water "skin" surface tension and circular shape of water droplets | ||
| Attraction between molecules of different substances. Ex. Water clinging to sides of glass | ||
| Ability of water to regulate environmental conditions. Water can absorb and relase a lot of heat without changing temperature drastically | ||
| Substance being dissolved | ||
| Substance doing the dissolving | ||
| Very week electrostatic attractions between molecules. (Allows gecko to climb walls) | ||
| Three factors that regulate enzyme activity are _______________ | ||
| What do you call compounds that are formed by chemical reactions? | ||
| A solution with a pH of 2 has (more or less) hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 5. | ||
| Bases have a pH of 7.1-14 and have more _________ ions than acids. | ||
| Metal and nonmetals transfer electrons forming ________ bonds | ||
| Compounds form to seek ___________. | ||
| Atoms tend to bond together to achieve ____ outer-most electrons. | ||
| Carbon has 4 outer-most electrons therefore needs _____ more for stability. | ||
| Atoms with nuclei that decay and breakdown and often used to date rocks and in medicine. | ||
| What are the subunits of proteins called? | ||
| A carbohydrate that is stored as energy in the liver of animals | ||
| A carbohydrate that forms cell walls of plants is called | ||
| Atoms of two or more elements chemically combined together is called |