Ch. 3: The Mediterranean and Middle East, 2000

Ch. 3: The Mediterranean and Middle East, 2000 - 500 B.C.E. Flashcards

19616222	Iron Age	Term for the period during which iron was the primary metal for tools and weapons.	0
19616223	Hittities	People from central Anatolia and Syria in the Late Bronze Age.	1
19616224	Hatshepsut	Queen of Egypt. There is evidence of opposition to a woman as ruler, and after her death her name and image were frequently defaced.	2
19616225	Akhenaten	Egyptian pharaoh. He built a new capital at Amarna, fostered a new style of naturalistic art, and created a religious revolution by imposing worship of the sundisk.	3
19616226	Ramesses II	Long-lived ruler of New Kingdom Egypt. He reached an accomodation with the Hittities after a standoff in battle at Kadesh in Syria.	4
19616227	Minoan	Prosperous civilization on the Aegean island of Crete in the second millennium B.C.E. These engaged in far-flung commerce around the Mediterranean and exerted powerful cultural influences on the early Greeks.	5
19616228	Mycenae	Site of a fortified palace complex in southern Greece that controlled a Late Bronze Age kingdom.	6
19616229	shaft graves	Term used for the burial sites of elite members of Mycenaean Greek society in the mid-second millennium B.C.E.	7
19616230	Linear B	Set of syllabic symbols, derived from the writing system of Minoan Crete, used in the Mycenaean palaces of Late Bronze Age to write an early form of Greek.	8
19616231	Neo-Assyrian Empire	Empire extending from western Iran to Syria-Palestine, conquered by the Assyrians of northern Mesopotamia between the tenth and seventh centuries B.C.E.	9
19616232	mass deportation	Forcibly uprooting entire communities and resettling them elsewhere. Meant as a terryfying warning of the consequences of rebellion by the Assyrin and Persian Empires.	10
19616233	Library of Ashurbanipal	Large collection of writings drawn from the ancient literary, religious, and scientific traditions of Mesopotamia.	11
19616234	Israel	Land between the eastern shore of the Mediterranean and the Jordan River, occupied by the Israelites from the early second millennium B.C.E.	12
19616235	Hebrew Bible	Collection of sacred books containing diverse materials concerning the origins, experiences, beliefs, and practices of the Israelites.	13
19616236	First Temple	Monumental sanctuary built in Jerusalem by King Solomon in the tenth century B.C.E. to be the religious center for the Israelite god Yahweh. I was destroyed by the Babylonians in 587 B.C.E., rebuilt on a modest scale in the late sixth century B.C.E., and replaced by King Herod's Second Temple in the late first century B.C.E.	14
19616237	monotheism	Belief in the existence of a single divine entity.	15
19616238	Diaspora	Greek word meaning "dispersal", used to describe the communities of a given ethnic group living outside their homeland.	16
19616239	Phoenicians	Semitic-speaking Canaanites living on the coast of modern Lebanon and Syria in the first millennium B.C.E. They engaged in widespread commerce and founded Carthage among other colonies in the western Mediterranean.	17
19616240	Carthage	Founded by Phoenicians. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean.	18
19616241	Neo-Babylonian kingdom	Under the Chaldaeans, Babylon again became a major political and cultural center in the seventh and sixth centuries.	19