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AP World History: Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards

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60503433Cyrus (Kurush)The son of a Persian chieftan and a Median princess, united the various Persian tribes and overthrow the Median monarch sometime around 550 B.C.E.0
60503434Darius I (Darayavaush)Seized the throne from Cambyses in 522 B.C.E.1
60503435SatrapGovernor2
60503436Persepolis (Parsa)Show that government officials distributed food and other essential commodities to large numbers of workers of many different nationalities.3
60503437ZoroastrianismReligion, the god of the religion is Ahuramazda4
60503438PolisCity-state5
60503439HoplitesHeavily armored infantrymen who fought in close formation.6
60503440TyrantA person who seized and held power in violatioin of the normal political institutions and traditions of the community.7
60503441DemocracyThe excercise of political power by all free adult males.8
60503442SacrificeThe central ritual of Greek religion, was performed at altars in front of the temples that the Greeks built to be the gods' places of residence.9
60503443Herodotusfrom Halicarnassus in southwest Anatolia.10
60503444Athenspreeminent Greek city-states of the late Archaic and Classical periods.11
60503445Spartapreeminent Greek city-states of the late Archaic and Classical periods.12
60503446Periclestook last steps in the evolution of Athenian democracy.13
60503447Persian Warstwo Persian attacks on Greece in the early fifth century B.C.E.14
60503448Triremea sleek, fast vessel powered by 170 rowers15
60503449Socratesphilosopher, brought to trial and started new intellectual currents in 399 B.C.E.16
60503450PlatoSocrates disciple, may represent the first generation to be truly literate.17
60503451AristotleStudent of Plato, tutor of Alexander the Great18
60503452Peloponnesian Wara war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta19
60503453AlexanderPhilip's son and heir.20
60503454Hellenistic Agethe lands in northeastern Africa and western Asia that came under Greek rule tended to be "Hellenized" or powerfully influenced by Greek culture.21
60503455Ptolomiesruled Egypt and sometimes laid claim to adjacent Syria-Palestine.22
60503456Alexandriathe first of the new cities laid out by Alexander himself.23
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