WHAP Unit 3 Coach Gilbert Flashcards

209026828	Muhammad	Founder of Islam, considered the greatest prophet in Islam	0
209026829	Ibn Rushd/Averroes	Iberian Muslim philosopher; studied Greek rationalism; ignored among Muslims but influential in Europe.	1
209026830	Sultan	military and political leader with absolute authority over a Muslim country	2
209026831	Qadis	Muslim judges who carried out the judicial functions of the state	3
209026832	Abbasid	The dynasty that came after the Umayyads. Devoted their energy to trade, scholorship, and the arts.	4
209026833	Umma	the Muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania to Pakistan	5
209026834	Shia	the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad	6
209026835	Caliph	the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth	7
209026836	Hajj	a pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims	8
209026837	Jihad	a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal	9
209026838	Dar-al-Islam	a term used by Muslims to refer to those countries where Muslims can practice their religion freely.	10
209026839	Islam	the monotheistic religion of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Quran	11
209026840	Arab	a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa	12
209026841	"Seal of the Prophets"	Name recognizing Muhammad as the last and greatest prophet. "God sent"	13
209026842	Sufi	A Muslim who seeks to achieve direct contact with God through mystical means	14
209026843	Harun Al-Rushid	wise and good Muslim leader who respected Charlemagne	15
209026844	Ulama	Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies.	16
209026845	Umayyed	the first ruling dynasty over the Muslim caliphate	17
209026846	Hijra	the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution a.d. 622: regarded as the beginning of the Muslim Era.	18
209026847	Sunni	a member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad	19
209026848	Ka'ba	Most revered religious shrine in pre-Islamic Arabia; located in Mecca; focus of obligatory annual truce among bedouin tribes; later incorporated as important shrine in Islam	20
209026849	Sharia	Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life.	21
209026850	Five Pillars	beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage	22
209026851	Quran	the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina	23
209026852	Muslim	a believer or follower of Islam	24