Ap World History Jargon (D - I) Flashcards
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233427052 | Darwinism | theory that species originate by descent, with variation, from parent forms, through the natural selection ofthose individuals best adapted for the reproductive success oftheir kind. | 0 | |
233427053 | debit | the recording or an entry of debt in an account. | 1 | |
233427054 | debt | something that is owed or that one is bound to pay to orperform for another: a debt of $50. | 2 | |
233427055 | deficit | the amount by which expenditures or liabilities exceed ncome or assets. | 3 | |
233427056 | deforestation | to divest or clear of forests or trees: Poor planning deforested the area in ten years. | 4 | |
233427057 | deity | divine character or nature, especially that of the Supreme Being; divinity. | 5 | |
233427058 | deism | belief in a God who created the world but has since remained indifferent to it. | 6 | |
233427059 | democracy | government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exerciseddirectly by them or by their elected agents under a freeelectoral system. | 7 | |
233427060 | demography | the science of vital and social statistics, as of the births, deaths, diseases, marriages, etc., of populations. | 8 | |
233427061 | destiny | the predetermined, usually inevitable or irresistible, course of events. | 9 | |
233427062 | determinism | the doctrine that all events, including human choices and decisions, have sufficient causes. | 10 | |
233427063 | dictator | a person exercising absolute power, especially a ruler who has absolute, unrestricted control in a government without hereditary succession. | 11 | |
233427064 | dictatorship | a country, government, or the form of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator. | 12 | |
233427065 | diffuse | to spread or scatter widely or thinly; disseminate. | 13 | |
233427066 | diffusion | act of diffusing; state of being diffused. Spreading or scattering widely, as in culture. | 14 | |
233427067 | diplomacy | act of diffusing; state of being diffused. | 15 | |
233427068 | diversity | variety; multiformity. | 16 | |
233427069 | divinity | a divine being; God. | 17 | |
233427070 | divine | of or pertaining to a god, especially the Supreme Being. | 18 | |
233427071 | doctrine | "a particular principle, position, or policy taught or advocated, as of a religion or government: Catholic doctrines; the Monroe Doctrine. | 19 | |
233427072 | document (v & n) | NOUN: a written or printed paper furnishing information or evidence, as a passport, deed, bill of sale, or bill of lading; a legal or official paper. VERB: to arrange (notes, data, etc.) for easy reference: Statistical data is referenced in the glossary. | 20 | |
233427073 | dogma | prescribed doctrine proclaimed as unquestionably true by a particular group: the difficulty of resisting political dogma. | 21 | |
233427074 | dogmatic | asserting opinions in a doctrinaire or arrogant manner; opinionated. | 22 | |
233427075 | domestic | of or pertaining to one's own or a particular country as apart from other countries: domestic trade. | 23 | |
233427076 | draft (V & N) | "Noun: a first or preliminary form of any writing, subject to revision, copying, etc. VERB: to draw the outlines or plan of; sketch. To take or select by draft, especially for military service. | 24 | |
233427077 | dualism | the state of being dual or consisting of two parts; division into two. | 25 | |
233427078 | dynasty | a sequence of rulers from the same family, stock, or group: the Ming dynasty. | 26 | |
233427079 | eclectic | not following any one system, as of philosophy, medicine, etc., but selecting and using what are considered the best elements of all systems. | 27 | |
233427080 | economy | the management of the resources of a community, country, etc., especially with a view to its productivity. | 28 | |
233427081 | economic | pertaining to an economy, or system of organization or operation, especially of the process of production. | 29 | |
233427082 | egalitarian | asserting, resulting from, or characterized by belief in the equality of all people, especially in political, economic, or social life. | 30 | |
233427083 | elite | a group of persons exercising the major share of authority or influence within a larger group: the power elite of a major political party. | 31 | |
233427084 | empire | a group of nations or peoples ruled over by an emperor, empress, or other powerful sovereign or government: usually a territory of greater extent than a kingdom, as the former British Empire, French Empire, Russian Empire, Byzantine Empire, or Roman Empire. | 32 | |
233427085 | emperor | the male sovereign or supreme ruler of an empire: the emperors of Rome. | 33 | |
233427086 | enlighten | to give intellectual or spiritual light to; instruct; impartknowledge to: We hope the results of our research willenlighten our colleagues. | 34 | |
233427087 | entrepot | a commercial center where goods are received for distribution, transshipment, or repackaging. | 35 | |
233427088 | era | a period of time marked by distinctive character, events, etc.: The use of steam for power marked the beginning of an era. | 36 | |
233427089 | ethic | the body of moral principles or values governing or distinctive of a particular culture or group: the Christian ethic; the tribal ethic of the Zuni. | 37 | |
233427090 | ethnic | pertaining to or characteristic of a people, especially a group (ethnic group) sharing a common and distinctive culture, religion, language, or the like. | 38 | |
233427091 | ethno- | a combining form meaning "race," "culture," "people," used in the formation of compound words: ethnography. | 39 | |
233427092 | euro- | a shortening of European used as a combining form, especially with the meaning "western European," particularly in reference to the European financial market or the European Economic community: Eurodollar; Eurofarmers. | 40 | |
233427093 | executive branch | the branch of government charged with the execution and enforcement of laws and policies and the administration of public affairs; the executive. | 41 | |
233427094 | expense | a cause or occasion of spending: A car can be a great expense. | 42 | |
233427095 | fascism | a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism. | 43 | |
233427096 | feminism | the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men. | 44 | |
233427097 | feudalism | the feudal system, or its principles and practices. | 45 | |
233427098 | fief | a territory held in fee. | 46 | |
233427099 | fiefdom | the estate or domain of a feudal lord. | 47 | |
233427100 | filial | of, pertaining to, or befitting a son or daughter: filial obedience. | 48 | |
233427101 | fiscal | of or pertaining to the public treasury or revenues: fiscal policies. | 49 | |
233427102 | forage | the act of searching for provisions (food) of any kind. | 50 | |
233427103 | frame of reference | a structure of concepts, values, customs, views, etc., by means of which an individual or group perceives or evaluates data, communicates ideas, and regulates behavior. | 51 | |
233427104 | free trade | trade between countries, free from governmental restrictions or duties. | 52 | |
233427105 | frontier | the part of a country that borders another country; boundary; border. The land or territory that forms the furthest extent of a country's settled or inhabited regions. | 53 | |
233427106 | fundamental | serving as, or being an essential part of, a foundation or basis; basic; underlying: fundamental principles; the fundamental structure. | 54 | |
233427107 | fundamentalism | strict adherence to any set of basic ideas or principles: the fundamentalism of the extreme conservatives. | 55 | |
233427108 | genocide | the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. | 56 | |
233427109 | geo- | a combining form meaning "the earth," used in the formation of compound words: geochemistry. | 57 | |
233427110 | globalization | worldwide integration and development: Globablization has resulted in the loss of some individual cultural identities. | 58 | |
233427111 | government | the form or system of rule by which a state, community, etc., is governed: monarchical government; episcopal government. | 59 | |
233427112 | -graphy | a combining form denoting a process or form of drawing, writing, representing, recording, describing, etc., or an art or science concerned with such a process: biography; choreography; geography; orthography; photography. | 60 | |
233427113 | guild | any of various medieval associations, as of merchants or artisans, organized to maintain standards and to protect the interests of its members, and that sometimes constituted a local governing body. | 61 | |
233427114 | hegemony | leadership or predominant influence exercised by one nation over others, as in a confederation. | 62 | |
233427115 | helio- | a combining form meaning "sun," used in the formation of compound words: heliolatry. | 63 | |
233427116 | hierarchy | any system of persons or things ranked one above another. | 64 | |
233427117 | historiography | the body of techniques, theories, and principles of historical research and presentation; methods of historical scholarship. | 65 | |
233427118 | hyper- | a prefix appearing in loanwords from Greek, where it meant "over," usually implying excess or exaggeration (hyperbole); on this model used, especially as opposed to hypo-, in the formation of compound words (hyperthyroid). | 66 | |
233427119 | hypo- | a prefix appearing in loanwords from Greek, where it meant "under" (hypostasis); on this model used, especially as opposed to hyper-, in the formation of compound words (hypothyroid). | 67 | |
233427120 | iberian | of or pertaining to Iberia in SW Europe, its inhabitants, or their language. | 68 | |
233427121 | identity | the condition of being oneself or itself, and not another: He doubted his own identity. | 69 | |
233427122 | ideology | the body of doctrine, myth, belief, etc., that guides an individual, social movement, institution, class, or large group. | 70 | |
233427123 | imperialism | the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. | 71 | |
233427124 | incarnation | assumption of human form or nature. | 72 | |
233427125 | incarnate | embodied in flesh; given a bodily, especially a human, form: a devil incarnate. | 73 | |
233427126 | indenture (v.) | to bind by indenture, as an apprentice. (an indenture is a contract by which a person, as an apprentice, is bound to service.) | 74 | |
233427127 | independence | freedom from the control, influence, support, aid, or the like, of others. | 75 | |
233427128 | industrialism | an economic organization of society built largely on mechanized industry rather than agriculture, craftsmanship, or commerce. | 76 | |
233427129 | -ism | a suffix appearing in loanwords from Greek, where it was used to form action nouns from verbs (baptism); on this model, used as a productive suffix in the formation of nouns denoting action or practice, state or condition, principles, doctrines, a usage or characteristic, devotion or adherence, etc. (criticism; barbarism; Darwinism; despotism; plagiarism; realism; witticism; intellectualism). | 77 | |
233427130 | -ist | a suffix of nouns, often corresponding to verbs ending in -ize or nouns ending in -ism, that denote a person who practices or is concerned with something, or holds certain principles, doctrines, etc.: apologist; dramatist; machinist; novelist; realist; socialist; Thomist. | 78 | |
233427131 | -ize | a verb-forming suffix occurring originally in loanwords from Greek that have entered English through Latin or French (baptize; barbarize; catechize); within English, -ize is added to adjectives and nouns to form transitive verbs with the general senses "to render, make" (actualize; fossilize; sterilize; Americanize), "to convert into, give a specified character or form to" (computerize; dramatize; itemize; motorize), "to subject to (as a process, sometimes named after its originator)" (hospitalize; terrorize; galvanize; oxidize; simonize; winterize). | 79 |