Chapter 8: African civilizations and the spread of islam Vocab Flashcards

246215958	Stateless Societies	african societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states	0
246215959	Ifriqiya	the Arabic term for Eastern North Africa	1
246215960	Maghrib	the Arabic term for western North Africa	2
246215961	Almohadis	A reformist movement among the Islamic Berbers of northern Africa; later than the Almoravids; penetrated into sub-Sahara Africa.	3
246215962	Ibn Batuta	Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records	4
246215963	Sundiata	a leader whose exploits were the foundation of a great oral tradition. created unified state & basic rules for malinke society	5
246215964	Griots	Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire	6
246215965	Timbuktu	Commercial exchange flourished here Located on the flood plants of the bend of the Niger River	7
246215966	Songhay	successor state to Mali; dominated Middle reaches of Niger Valley; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali.	8
246215967	Muhammad the Great	Muslim ruler who Extended the boundaries of the songyhay empire; Islamic rules of the 16th c.	9
246215968	Hausa	West African people who lived in what is now Northern Nigeria after AD 1000	10
246215969	Sharia	Islamic law	11
246215970	Zenj	Arabic term for the east African coast	12
246215971	Benin	Large City-state in Yoruba	13
246215972	Kongo	kingdom based on agriculture; formed on lower Kongo River; capital at Mbanza Kongo; ruled by hereditary monarchy	14
246215973	Great Zimbabwe	Largest stone house site Center of Kingdom	15
246215974	Juula	Malinke merchants; formed small partnerships to carry out trade throughout Mali empire; eventually spread throughout much of West Africa	16
246215975	Bantu Migration	the movement of the bantu peoples southward throghout africa, spreading their language and culture, from around 500 b.c. to around A.D 1000	17
246215976	Ghana	African Empire in what is now eastern Senegal/Southwest Mali/ southern Mauritania prospelled becuse of being between Saharan caravans routes (1500 BCE-300CE)	18
246215977	Hausa States	Feudal States in the west Sudan Formed by Hausa people later than in 8th-10th century	19
246215978	Mani	Persian prophet who founded Manichaeism	20
246215979	Matrilineal	Relating to/based on or trading descent through the material	21
246215980	Yoruba	A Niger-Congo language of Southwest Nigeria and parts of Benin and Togo. Also meant people who were members of any of the Yoruba speaking natives	22
246215981	Sahel	semiarid region south of the Sahara desert. Characterized by long dry seasons and short west seasons from July to September	23
246215982	Jihad	a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal	24
246215983	Takrur	An ancient state of West Africa that flourished rougly to the Ghana empire	25
246215984	Sunni Ali	1st King of the Songhay empire. Helped extend the cover a great portion of the higher river area and controlled critical trading cities	26
246215985	Demography	the statistical study of the human population with regard to its size, density, and other characteristics such as age, race, gender, and income	27
246215986	Songhay	successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali	28
246215987	Ethopia	A county of Northeast Africa, established around Aksum in the 1st-7th Century	29
246215988	Nok	West Africa's earliest known culture; lived in what is now Nigeria; between 500 B.C. and A.D. 200; first people known to smelt iron; fashioned iron into tools for farming and weapons for hunting	30
246215989	Axum	City in Northern Christian Kingdom of Ethopia	31
246215990	Almoravids berber	Moroccan Muslim Dynasty foundation North Africa in the 12th Century	32