AP History: Ch. 19.3 Flashcards

240629614	okay	[just say okay] Americans were a mystery as far as military goes, due to an uncertainty of the determination of an army of multi-ethnicities	0
240629615	Germany	What country's U-boats sank numerous Allie's ships, hurting their supplies?	1
240629616	convoy	used by Allies; groups of merchant ships were surrounded by warships that protected them	2
240629617	Vladimir Lenin	Russian communist who gained control of the tarnished Russia and stopped war	3
240629618	Treaty of Brest-Litovsk	treaty ending war between Russia and Germany; ended Eastern front fighting so there as more concentration to the western front	4
240629619	Ferdinand Foch	French general who led Allies once focus was on Western Front	5
240629620	John J. Pershing	commander of American forces in Europe	6
240629621	okay	[just say okay] US troops started to pour in as German offense began to wilt	7
240629622	doughboy	aka American soldier	8
240629623	defense	American position at Second Battle of Marne	9
240629624	offense	American position at Battle of Cantigny	10
240629625	Alvin York	American war hero of Tennessee; earned Congressional Medal of Honor; dodged a lot of bullets and shot down a machine gun nest; one of thousands of heroes	11
240629626	369th Infantry Regiment	AA force that received the Croix de Guerre, a French award for bravery	12
240629627	okay	[just say okay] American troops came at a good time, to help the Allies crush the wilting Central Powers	13
240629628	Lenin	Who believed the war was simply an imperialistic land-grabbing session?	14
240629629	peace without victory	Wilson's idea of the goal of the war	15
240629630	Fourteen Points	exposed Wilson's idea of peace without victory; proposed peace inspired by noble ideas, instead of greed and vengeance	16
240629631	Fourteen Points	sought to fundamentally change world by promoting openness, encouraging independence, and supporting freedom; called for open diplomacy	17
240629632	self-determination	right for people to choose their own form of govt.; championed by Wilson	18
240629633	League of nations	secured mutual guarantees of political independence and territory integrity to great and small states alike; pushed for by Wilson	19
240629634	Henry Cabot Lodge	Senator hated by Wilson; republican foreign policy expert who wasn't invited to Versailles	20
240629635	Wilson	Who arrived at Versailles with a huge welcome and support?	21
240629636	reparations	payment for war damages	22
240629637	Allies	Besides the US, which "side" of the war wanted Germany to suffer because of the damage that had been done?	23
240629638	David Lloyd-George	British prime minister who knew country wanted both peace and victory	24
240629639	George Clemenceau	French Premier who wanted Germany stripped of all weapons vast German payments for costs of war, separate Rhineland to serve as buffer state France<>Germany	25
240629640	okay	[just say okay] there were many problems with the peace treaties; didn't use self-determination; split up countries randomly	26
240629641	okay	[just say okay] German-Americans were upset with treaty, that blamed Germany; Irish-Americans were upset that Ireland never gained independence	27
240629642	Republican	The Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the Senate itself were of what party? This caused stiff opposition against Wilson	28
240629643	irreconcilables	isolationist senators that opposed any treaty including the League of Nations; opposed article 10	29
240629644	Article 10	called for mutual defense by the signers of the treaty; respect for territorial integrity and existing political independence of Members of the League	30
240629645	reservationist	group of senators led by Lodge; opposed treaty as it was written; varied from wanting big to small changes; wanted Congress to be able to control war status;	31
240629646	okay	[just say okay] Wilson was close to death as he crusaded for his League of Nations	32