Unit III Flash Cards Flashcards
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| 232507261 | Mayas | * A Native American people, living in what is now Mexico and northern Central America, who had a flourishing civilization from before the birth of Jesus until around 1600, when they were conquered by the Spanish. They are known for their astronomical observations, accurate calendars sophisticated hieroglyphics, and pyramids. | 0 | |
| 232507262 | Aztecs | * (1200-1521) 1300, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshipped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor. | 1 | |
| 232507263 | Incas | * largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Peru. From 1438 to 1533, used a variety of methods, from conquest to peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges, including large parts of modern Ecuador, Peru, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, north and north-central Chile, and southern Colombia. | 2 | |
| 232507264 | Arab | * a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa | 3 | |
| 232507265 | Bedouin | * a member of a nomadic tribe of Arabs | 4 | |
| 232507266 | Mecca | * the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace; Saudi Arabia | 5 | |
| 232507267 | Medina | * a city in western Saudi Arabia, second most holy city in Islam | 6 | |
| 232507268 | Ka'aba | * (Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine | 7 | |
| 232507269 | Mohammed | * the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) | 8 | |
| 232507270 | "Islam" | * submission | 9 | |
| 232507271 | Quran | * the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | 10 | |
| 232507272 | Hijrah | * Muhammad's migration from Mecca to (Yathrib) Medina | 11 | |
| 232507273 | Umma | * the Muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania to Pakistan | 12 | |
| 232507274 | Zakat | * the fourth pillar of Islam is almsgiving as an act of worship | 13 | |
| 232507275 | Shari'a | * the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed | 14 | |
| 232507276 | Jihad | * a holy war waged by Muslims against infidels | 15 | |
| 232507277 | Universal Religion | * religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those who live in a particular location | 16 | |
| 232507278 | 5 Pillars | * 5 main rules that a Muslim must follow and live by | 17 | |
| 232549545 | Hajj | * the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah | 18 | |
| 232549546 | Sunni | * a member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad | 19 | |
| 232549547 | Shi'ite | * a member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali as the legitimate successor to Mohammed and rejects the first three caliphs | 20 | |
| 232549548 | Dar al Islam | * an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule | 21 | |
| 232549549 | "People of the Book" | * what Muslims called Christians and Jews which means that they too only believe in one god. | 22 | |
| 232549550 | Caliph | * the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth | 23 | |
| 232549551 | Umayyad Caliphate | * First hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs (661 to 750). From their capital at Damascus, the Umayyads ruled an empire that extended from Spain to India. Overthrown by the Abbasid Caliphate. | 24 | |
| 232549552 | Abbasid Caliphate | * Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas, the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from their capital in Baghdad (founded 762) from 750 to 1258. | 25 | |
| 232549553 | Sufis | * a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 26 | |
| 232549554 | Veiling of women | * Women became veiled in Islamic society as an influence from the Persians. | 27 | |
| 232549555 | The Arabian Nights: Tales from 1001 Nights | * Collection of folktales in Arabic during the Middle Ages | 28 | |
| 232549556 | Ibn Battuta | * Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. | 29 | |
| 232549557 | Bantu Migrations | * migrated between about 1000 B.C. and A.D. 1000 (West African farmers and herders), languages spoken in central, east-central, and southern Africa | 30 | |
| 232549558 | Ghana | * a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea | 31 | |
| 232549559 | Trade in Ghana | * main trade products were salt and gold. | 32 | |
| 232549560 | Mali | * Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. | 33 | |
| 232549561 | Mansu Musa | * Was the greatest ruler of Kingdom Mali. Throne time 1312. He expanded borders and ensured peace and order in Mali. Converted to Islam and based justice on the Quran. But still promoted religious freedom. Made a Hijj, and built schools. | 34 | |
| 232549562 | Timbuktu | * a city in central Mali near the Niger river, famous for its gold trade | 35 | |
| 232549563 | Coptic Christianity | * Largest branch of African Christianity, centered in Egypt. | 36 | |
| 232549564 | Egypt and Ethiopia | * Both had large, devoted Christian following despite the time of the Rise of Islam. | 37 | |
| 232549565 | Swahili city-states | * established regional trade centers, where copper, gold, silver, lead, gum copal pottery, beads, and bronze came from Cambodia, China, Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Indian subcontinent | 38 | |
| 232549566 | Bard | * a tribal poet-singer skilled in composing and reciting verses on heroes and their deeds | 39 | |
| 232549567 | Purdah | * the traditional Hindu or Muslim system of keeping women secluded | 40 | |
| 232549568 | Temple of Borobudur | * a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist monument near Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. | 41 | |
| 232549569 | Angkor War | Cambodia, Indu temple; Khmer architecture-sandstone material, Bas relief | 42 |