AP World History (9 Weeks Test) Flashcards
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| 232694243 | Confucianism | -Religion role in social cohesion of China -Not about God or worship -More about morality and social roles -Established during the end of the Zhou Dynasty -Believed in Filial Piety (respect for elders.) -Strongly Believed in Education -Laid foundation for China's beauracracy -Believed that humans were naturally evil. -Individuals responsible for own behavior -Harsh social discipline -Believed in ambition and activism | 0 | |
| 232694244 | Daoism | -Opposite of Confucianism (ambition and activism) -Believed in being passive and yielding -Created by philosopher Laozi in 6th cent. BCE -Believed in natural order -Dao was the universal all-guiding force. ("The Way") -Need harmony with nature and balance | 1 | |
| 232694245 | Legalism | -All about the law -A doctrine of practical and efficient statecraft -Strength in agriculture and military force -Discourages education, commerce, and arts -Harnesses self-interest for survival of the state -Harsh penalties for even minor violation of the law -Provides most stability -Resembles modern communism -Allowed collective responsibilities before the law | 2 | |
| 232694246 | The Qin Dynasty | -Adopted legalistic ideas (army and agriculture) -Conquered many states and societies -Unified China by 221 BCE -First emperor was Shihuangdi -Banned all non-practical books -Standardization of laws, currencies, weights, measures, and script. (writing) | 3 | |
| 232694247 | Chandra Gupta (Two Words) | -Ruled 320-335 CE -Known as great "king of kings." -Alliance via arranged marriages -profitable trade with Mediterranean -Largest Hindu revival -Huns invaded 450 CE (brought decline of Guptas) | 4 | |
| 232694248 | Fa-Hsien (Gupta India) | -Chinese buddhist monk -Around 5th century -Tried to follow Buddha -Described very positive -traveled along silk road and visited India -Made observations about society and lifestyles -Described very positive society of citizens -Described a rigid Caste System -First known mention of Untouchable class | 5 | |
| 232694249 | Gupta Trade | -Gupta located in Magadha -Wealthy as an intermediary between regions -Allowed for local rule, traditions, and products. -Trade flourished as a result of (above) -Less centralized (very important) -Caste System went from religious to political -Exports: cotton/aromatics/black pepper/pearls/gems. | 6 | |
| 232694250 | Extensive Trade (4th Century) | -spices -silk -ivory -gold -cotton -horses | 7 | |
| 232694251 | Kalidasha | -Great Indian poet -Shakuntala was his most famous play. -Flourish of culture during the reign of Chandra Gupta II. | 8 | |
| 232694252 | Gupta Art | Pottery, Sculpture, Paintings, Architecture (All greatly influenced society!) | 9 | |
| 232694253 | Gupta Achievements & Discoveries (Medicine) | -Identified over 1000 diseases -Identified over 50 healing plants -Plastic surgery for injured soldiers -C Sections -Vaccines -Printed medical books | 10 | |
| 232694254 | Gupta Achievements & Discoveries (Astronomy & Mathematics) | -solar calendar -identified that the Earth was round not flat, and rotated on an axis. -recognized the concept of zero & negative #'s -Concept of Pi -Decimal System -Quadratic Equations | 11 | |
| 232694255 | Decline of the Guptas | -Invaded by the white Huns in 4th century -Resulted in the end of Gupta Golden Age -Kept returning after defeat -resulted in small territories & Hindu kingdoms | 12 | |
| 232694256 | Chandragupta (One Word) | -Unified northern India -defeats Persian general Seleucus -divided empire into provinces and districts for easier tax collection, assessment, and law enforcement -efficient beauracracy -very paranoid ruler (scared of assassinations) -eventually became abdicated throne and became Jain or Hindu extremist. Similar to monks. | 13 |