AP world history unit 3B vocab Flashcards

249749927	mongols	mentioned as early of the records of the Tang Empire; living as nomads in nothern Europe; establised an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Asia	0
249749928	Genghis khan	the title of Temujin when he ruled the Mongols; founder of the Mongol Empire	1
249749929	nomadism	a way of life, forced by a sacrity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water	2
249749930	Yuan Empire	empire created in China and Siberia by Khubilai Khan	3
249749931	bubonic plague	a bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans	4
249749932	Il-khan	a "secondary" khan based in Persia; controlled much of Iran and Iraq	5
249749933	Golden Horde	Mongol khanate founded by Genghis khan's grandson Batu; based in southern Russia; quickly adopted both the Turkic language and Islam	6
249749934	Timur	member of a prominent family of the Mongols' Jagadai Khanate; through conquest, gained control over much of Central Asia and Iran; Sunni Islam; descendants maintained empire for a century and founded the Mughal Empire in India	7
249749935	Rashid al-Din	adviser to the ll-khan ruler Ghazan, who converted to Islam on Rashid's advice	8
249749936	Nasir al-Din Tusi	Persian mathematician and cosmologist whose academy near Tabriz provided the model for the movement of the planets that helped to inspire the Copernican model of the solar system	9
249749937	Alexander Nevskii	Prince of Novgorod; submitted to the invading Mongols in 1240 and recieved recognition as the leader of the Russian princes under the Golden Horde	10
249749938	tsar(czar)	from latin caesar, this Russian title for a monarch was first used in reference to a Russian ruler by Ivan III	11
249749939	Ottoman Empire	Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia	12
249749940	Khubilai Khan	last of the Mongol Great Khans and founder of the Yuan Empire	13
249749941	lama	In Tibetan Buddhism , a teacher	14
249749942	Bejing	China's northern capital, first used as an imperial capital and now the capital of the People's Republic of China	15
249749943	Ming Empire	empire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang establised after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire. Emperor Yongle sponsered building of the Forbidden City	16
249749944	Yongle	the 3rd emperor of the Ming Empire; sponsered building of the Forbidden City, a huge encyclopedia project, the expeditions of Zheng He, and the reopening of China's borders to trade and travel	17
249749945	Zheng He	an imperial eunuch and Muslim entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from SE Asia to Africa	18
249749946	Yi	The Yi dynasty ruled Korea from the fall of the Koryo kingdom to the colonization of Korea by Japan	19
249749947	kamikaze	the "divine wind", which the Japanese credited with blowing Mongol invaders away from their shores	20
249749948	Ashikaga Shogunate	the second of Japan's miltary governments headed by the shogun(Military ruler)	21
249749949	Ibn Battuta	Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. Wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan	22
249749950	tropics	equatorial region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn	23
249749951	monsoon	seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean caused by the differences in temperature	24
249749952	Delhi Sultanate	centralized Indian empire of varying extent, created by Muslim invaders	25
249749953	Mali	Empire created by indigenous Muslims in Western Sudan od West Africa from 13th to 15th century. Famous for its role in the Trans-Saharan gold trade	26
249749954	Mansa Kankan Musa	ruler of Mali. Pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca established the empire's reputaion for wealth in the Mediterranean world	27
249749955	Gujarat	region of western India famous for trade and manufacturing; the inhabitors are called Gujaratis	28
249749956	dhows	Characteristic cargo and passenger ships of the Arabian Sea	29
249749957	Swahili Coast	East African shores of the Indian Ocean b/w the Horn of Africa and the Zambezi RIver; in Arabic, means "Shores"	30
249749958	Great Zimbabwe	city, now in ruins whose many stone structures were built b/w 1250 qnd 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state	31
249749959	Aden	Port city in the modern south Arabian country of Yemen. Has been a major trading center in the Indian Ocean since ancient times	32
249749960	Malacca	Port city in the modern SE Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca	33
249749961	Urdu	A Persian-influenced literary form of Hindi written in Arabic characters and used as a literary language since the 1300s.	34
249749962	Timbuktu	City on the Niger River in the modern country of Mali. founded by Tuareg as a seasonal camp; became a major terminus of the trans-Saharan trade and a center of Islamic learning; part of Mali Empire	35
249749963	Latin West	Historians' name for the territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language for intellectual exchange	36
249749964	three-field system	a rotational system for agriculture in which two fields grow food crops and one lies fallow. Gradualy replaced the two-field system in Medival Europe	37
249749965	Black Death	An outbreak of the bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-14th centurym carrying off vast numbers of people	38
249749966	water wheel	a mechanism that harnesses the energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery	39
249749967	Hanseatic League	an economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany; most powerful in 14th century	40
249749968	guild	In medival Europe, a group of men(merchants, artisans, or professors), who worked in a particular trade and banded together to promote their economic and political interests; worked to regulate buisness practices and set prices	41
249749969	Gothic cathedrals	large churches originating in 12 century France	42
249749970	Renaissance(European)	a period of intense artistic and intellectual activity; "rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture; began in Italy and later spread to northern Europe	43
249749971	universities	Degree-granting institutions of higher learning	44
249749972	scholasticism	a philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the 13th century	45
249749973	humanists(Renaissance)	European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities(grammer, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, moral philosophy)	46
249749974	printing press	a mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a wood-block or type to paper using ink. process using movable type first appeared in Europe around 1450	47
249749975	Great Western Schism	A division in the Latin(W) Christian Church, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon	48
249749976	Hundred Years War	Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving the English and French royal families and the French noble families	49
249749977	new monarchies	Historians' term for the monarchs in France, England, and Spain. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits	50
249749978	reconquest of Iberia	Beginning in the 11th century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims; last Muslim ruler was defeated and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms	51