Rise of Islam Flashcards

237547669	Religon	instrument of politics	0
237547670	Mecca	achieved prosperity rapidly	1
237547671	Muhammad's revelations	written originally on leather and bone	2
237547672	Shi'ites	transformed from a political movement to a religious sect due to Husayn's martyrdom	3
237547673	Ulama	well-educated scholars	4
237547674	Crusaders	political pawns, and had respect for Muslims	5
237547675	Hierarchy	Islam escaped the _____ of Christianity	6
237547676	Sunna	tradition	7
237547677	Muhammad	received revelations from the angel gabriel, a prophet	8
237547678	Ka'ba	located in Mecca, cubical shrine	9
237547679	Abraham	the first muslim	10
237547680	Umma	Muslim community	11
237547681	Abbasid	The ____ caliphate was responsible for the golden age of the Muslims	12
237547682	Fatamid	established control over egypt	13
237547683	Mecca	Muhammad was born here	14
237547684	Seljuk	The___ Turks who ruled much of the middle east	15
237547685	Sufi Brotherhoods	mystic groups	16
237547686	Judaism and Christianity	were considered negligent religions	17
237547687	Medina	refuge place for early Muslims	18
237547688	single god	Muslims had faith in a supreme and __.	19
237547689	hadith	supplemented the Quran, added material on legal issues not covered	20
237547690	paper making	an invention that fostered the spread of Islam	21
237547691	Arabs	group of people who were more farmers than nomads	22
237547692	southern pastoralists	isolated from Arabic civilization and related more closely with the Africans, Indians, and Persians	23
237547693	Mecca	W. Arabian caravan city	24
237547694	Muhammad	prophet of god, founder of Islam	25
237547695	mysticism	Arabic religion before Islam	26
237547696	hijra	the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution a.d. 622: regarded as the beginning of the Muslim Era.	27
237547697	Muslim	A follower of Islam, means "one who has submitted"	28
237547698	Islam	the religion based on the revelations of the prophet Muhammad; means "submission to the will of God."	29
237547699	Quran	Islam's holy book. (Similar to the bible and Torah)	30
237547700	Abu Bakar	In 632 _______ became the "chosen" successor to Muhammad. He claimed the title of 1st caliph or deputy.	31
237547701	faith, prayer, alms, fasting, pilgrimage	5 Pillars of Islam	32
237547702	Sunnis	Muslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries.	33
237547703	Shi'ites	Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. The state religion of Iran.	34
237547704	Umayyad Caliphate	first hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs	35
237547705	Umar	conquered Syria and Egypt and defeated the Sasanid shah	36
237547706	coherent movement	no____ ____ to force the religion of Islam onto conquered peoples	37
237547707	secular	caliphs were primarily ___	38
237547708	Fall of the Umayyad	attacks from the Shi'ites and Kharijites	39
237547709	Kharijites	this group rejected the caliphs, they believed only a Muslim free of sin could lead.	40
237547710	cosmopolitan	when more foreigners became Muslim, the empire became more ___.	41
237547711	refined	culture in the Abbasid empire was __.	42
237547712	expanse of the empire	made ruling difficult	43
237547713	mamluks	Under the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkish military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries.	44
237547714	Samarra	new capital of the empire	45
237547715	Samanid	one of several Iranian states to acheive independence	46
237547716	Berber revolts	created Iranian city states	47
237547717	Ghana	First known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa known as the Land of Gold, peacfully converted to Islam	48
237547718	Fatamid Caliphate	An independant Muslim state that sprang up in the Abbasid caliphate. The caliphate began in North Africa and spread across the Red Sea to Western Arabia and Syria.	49
237547719	Umayyad Spain	developed a distinctive Islamic culture blending Roman, Germanic, and Jewish traditions with the Arabs and Berbers	50
237547720	Shari'a	law of islam	51