Chapter 11 Reading Guide Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 55226439 | Indian | term used to describe the peoples of America; misnamed by Columbus as he was trying to reach the Indies | 0 | |
| 55226440 | Pre-Columbian | refers to North and South America before the arrival of Christopher Columbus and western influence | 1 | |
| 55226441 | Toltecs | nomadic peoples established in central Mexico; capital city at Tula; strongly militaristic; believed in human sacrifice | 2 | |
| 55226442 | Topiltzin | most influential Toltec leader; dedicated to the god Quetzalcoatl | 3 | |
| 55226443 | Quetzalcoatl | Toltec god that look like a feathered serpent; later confused with Topiltzin | 4 | |
| 55226444 | Aztec Empire | emerge in central Mexico after the fall of Toltecs; capital at Tenochtitlan | 5 | |
| 55226445 | 3 Main Cults of Aztec Religion | fertility/agriculture, creation, warfare and sacrifice | 6 | |
| 55226446 | Calpulli | clans in Aztec society, later expanded to include residential groups that distributed land and provided labor and warriors; nobles dominated military bureaucracy | 7 | |
| 55226447 | Chinampas | beds of aquatic weeds, mud, and earth placed in frames of cane and rooted in lakes to create "floating gardens"; system of irrigated agriculture by Aztecs | 8 | |
| 55226448 | Pochteca | special merchant class in Aztec society; dominated both local and long distance trade; specialized in luxury items | 9 | |
| 55226449 | Twantinsuyu | word for Inca Empire; located from present day Colomia into Chile and Argentina | 10 | |
| 55226450 | Inca Empire | capital at Cuzco; emerges in Andes Mountains | 11 | |
| 55226451 | Pachacuti | Inca ruler who extended empire from Cuzco to Lake Titicaca after launching a series of military campaigns | 12 | |
| 55226452 | Split Inheritance | all political power and titles of the ruler went to his successor; all wealth and possessions remained with descendants | 13 | |
| 55226453 | Huacas | holy shrines; mountains, stones, caves, rivers, tombs, temples, etc; places of worship, prayer, and sacrifice | 14 | |
| 55226454 | Curacas | local rulers from conquered lands | 15 | |
| 55226455 | Tambos | way stations, inns, and storehouses located on roads; used by Incas as supply centers for army and relay points for system of runners used to carry messages | 16 | |
| 55226456 | Mita | communities taking turns performing labor on mining and building projects | 17 | |
| 55226457 | Quipu | knotted strings used by the Incas instead of a writing system; used for census and financial records | 18 | |
| 55226458 | Yanas | permenant slaves, artisans, or workers for the Inca/Inca nobility | 19 | |
| 55226459 | Ayllus | Households in Andean societies that recognized some form of kinship; traced descent from some common, sometimes mythical ancestor; controlled the land in Incan society | 20 | |
| 55226460 | Quechua | language of the Incas | 21 |