AP WH Ch 2 Vocab Flashcards

AP WH Ch 2 Vocab

208198053	Subcontinent	a large, distinguishable part of a continent	0
208198054	Monsoon	a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of the Indian subcontinent, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter	1
208198055	Citadel	fortrtss; tower	2
208198056	Aryan	Indo-European-speaking nomads who entered India from the Central Asian steppes between 1500 and 1000 BCE and greatly affected Indian society, notably by establishing the caste system	3
208198057	caste	system of rigid social hierarchy in which all members of that society are assigned by birth to specific "ranks" and inherit specific roles and privileges	4
208198058	Vedas	Hind sacred writings chief among which are four books: Rig-Veda, Sama-Veda, Atharva-Veda,and Yajur-Veda	5
208198059	Raja	prince in India	6
208198060	Varnas	Indian classes, or castes	7
208198061	Brahmin	a member of the Hindu priestly caste or class; traditionally, duties include studying Hindu religious scriptures & transmitting them to others orally	8
208198062	Brahma	one supreme, uni ssal Spirit; later, the creator god in Hinduism, part of the trinity with Vishnu the preserver and Shiva the destroyer	9
208198063	Buddhism	a religion, originated in India by Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) and later spread to China, Burma, Japan, Tibet, and parts of southeast Asia, holding that life is full of suffering caused by desire and the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment that enables one to halt the endless reincarnation to which one is otherwise subject	10
208198064	Reincarnation	the idea that the individual soul is reborn in a different form after death; in Hindu and Buddhist thought, the release from this cycle is the objective of all living souls	11
208198065	Dharma	In Hinduism and Buddhism, the law t at governs the universe, and specifically human behavior	12
208198066	Karma	a fundamental concept in Hindu philosophy, that rebirth in a future life is determined by actions in this or other live	13
208198067	Sangha	the Buddhist community of monks, novices, and laity	14
208198068	Ahimsa	the principle of nonviolence toward all living things	15
208198069	Hinduism	the main religion in India, it emphasizes reincarnation, based on the results of the previous life, and the desirability of escaping this cycle. Its various forms feature both asceticism and the pleasures of ordinary life, and encompass a multitude of gods as different manifestations of one ultimate reality	16
208198070	Guru	teacher, especially in Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh religious traditions, where it is an important honorific	17
208198071	Meditate	to engage in quiescent spiritual introspection	18
208198072	Nirvana	in Buddhist thought, enlightenment, the ultimate transcendence from the illusion of the material world; release from the Wheel of life	19