A.P. World history Key terms Flashcards

History

220216109	republic	a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them	0
220216110	senate	assembly of Roman aristocrats; advised on policy within the republic; one of the early elements of the Roman Constitution	1
220216111	patron/client relationship	Anciant Roman: a fundamental social relationship in which the patron-a wealthy and powerful individual-provided legal and economic protection and assistance to clients, men of lesser status and means, and in return the clients supported their patrons (149	2
220216112	principate	the system of rule established by Augustus; established constitutional monarchy- "ruler by law"	3
220216114	Augustus	Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC	4
220216116	equites	Class of business people and landowners in ancient Rome who had wealth and power	5
220216118	pax ramona	A time of peace in Rome that lasted about 200 years	6
220216120	romanization	The process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces of the Roman Empire. Romans did not seek to Romanize them, but the subjugated people pursued it. (155)	7
220216122	jesus	A teacher and prophet whose life and teachings form the basis of Christianity. Christians believe Jesus to be Son of God and the Christ.	8
220216124	paul	A.D. 11-67 Follower of Jesus who helped spread Christianity throughout the Roman world	9
220216127	aqueduct	a pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas	10
220216129	third century crisis	political, military, and economic turmoil that beset the Roman Empire during much of the third century C.E.: frequent changes of ruler, civil wars, barbarian invasions, decline of urban centers, and near-destruction of long-distance commerce. (157)	11
220216131	constatine	A.D. 280-337 Roman Emperor who founded Constantinople as the new eastern capital of the ROman empire	12
220216133	qin	A people and state in the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire (221-206 B.C.E.). The Qin ruler, Shi Huangdi, standardized many features of Chinese society and enslaved subjects. (163)	13
220216135	shi Huangdi	Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. (163)	14
220216137	han	imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time) from 206 BC to 221 and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy	15
220216139	xiongnu	A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168)	16
220216141	Gaozu	the throne name of Liu Bang, one of the rebel leaders who brought down Qin and founded Han dynasty in 202 BCE. Modest background and peasant qualities; denounced harshness and laws of Qin but was a Legalist; frugal to cut taxes; stored excess grain	17
220216143	Sima Qian	chinese scholer,astronomer,and historian; wrote the most important historyof ancient china	18
220216145	chang'an	City in the Wei Valley in eastern China. It became the capital of the Zhou kingdom and the Qin and early Han Empires. Its main features were imitated in the cities and towns that sprang up throughout the Han Empire. >(p. 164)	19
220216147	gentry	people of standing(rank or position); people of good family or high social position; class of people just below nobility	20