The Earth and its Peoples: Chapter 4 Flashcards

217867084	Cyrus	Founder of the Achaemendid Persian Empire	0
217867085	Darius I	Third ruler of the Persian Empire	1
217867086	satrap	Governor of a Persian province	2
217867087	Persepolis	Capital complex with palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings	3
217867088	Zoroastrianism	Worship of god, Ahuramazda	4
217867089	polis	Urban center and rural territory it controlled	5
217867090	hoplite	Heavily armored infantrymen who fought in close formation	6
217867091	tyrant	Person who seized and kept power in violation of the normal political traditions of the community	7
217867092	democracy	Political power of all adult males	8
217867093	sacrifice	Gift given to deity	9
217867094	Heredotus	Heir to the technique of historia developed by Greeks in the late Archaic period	10
217867095	Perciles	Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis, and pursued a policy of imperial expansion that lead to the Peloponnesian War	11
217867096	Persian Wars	Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire	12
217867097	trireme	Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries	13
217867098	Socrates	Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior	14
217867099	Peloponnesian War	A protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world	15
217867100	Alexander	King of Macedonia in northern Greece	16
217867101	Hellenistic Age	Historians' term for the era, usually dated 323-30 B.C.E., in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and Northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great	17
217867102	Ptolemies	The Macedonian dynasty that ruled Egypt for three centuries	18
217867103	Alexandria	City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander	19