Chapter 12 Flashcards
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| 107928935 | 220 | End of the Han Dynasty | 0 | |
| 107928936 | 220-589 | Era of Division; political discord in China; time of greatest Buddhist influence | 1 | |
| 107928937 | 589-618 | Sui Dynasty; building of the Grand Canal | 2 | |
| 107928938 | 618-626 | Gaozu emperor | 3 | |
| 107928939 | 618-907 | Tang Dynasty | 4 | |
| 107928940 | 627-649 | TAng Taizong Emperor | 5 | |
| 107928941 | 686 | Korean conquest; vassal state of Silla | 6 | |
| 107928942 | 690-705 | Empress Wu; Buddhist influence in China Peaks. | 7 | |
| 107928943 | 712-756 | Xuangzong emperor | 8 | |
| 107928944 | 840s | Period of Buddhist persecution | 9 | |
| 107928945 | 907 | End of the Tang dynasty | 10 | |
| 107928946 | 960- 1279 | Song dynasty; Neo- Confucian revival | 11 | |
| 107928947 | 1050 | invention of block printing with movable type | 12 | |
| 107928948 | 1067-1085 | Shenzong emperor; reforms of Wang Anshi | 13 | |
| 107928949 | 1100 | invention of gunpowder | 14 | |
| 107928950 | 1115 | Jurchen (Qin) kingdom in north China | 15 | |
| 107928951 | 1119 | First use of the compass to our knowledge | 16 | |
| 107928952 | 1127-1279 | Southern Song dynasty | 17 | |
| 107928953 | 1279-1368 | Mongol (Yuan) Dynasty rules all of China | 18 | |
| 107928954 | Hangzhou | Capital of Song Dynasty - was said to be the best in the world - great market place and entertainment -singing girls - boating - restaurants - bath houses - acrobats - tea houses - opera preformances | 19 | |
| 107928955 | Sui Dynasty; when, who, how. | -580 -Wendi -secured power through marriage and had the support of neighboring nomadic leaders. | 20 | |
| 107928956 | Wendi | - northern elite family - Won the support of people by lowering taxes and the creation of food granaries. | 21 | |
| 107928957 | Son Yangdi; how and what he did that was positive. | -murdered his father to become the emperor -extended his father's conquests -drove back nomads -established a milder legal code -restored the examination system | 22 | |
| 107928958 | Son Yangdi; the negative effects of his rule | -built palaces -built canal links -built an extensive game park -many military failures | 23 | |
| 107928959 | Li Yuan; aka? what he did. | -Duke of Tang (beginning of Tang Dynasty) -former nomadic leaders were forced to submit -created frontier armies made up of sons of tribal leaders -Korea was overrun by Chinese armies and the Kingdom of Silla was created as a tributary state. | 24 | |
| 107928960 | Ministry of Rites | -in charge of examinations. | 25 | |
| 107928961 | Jinshi | title given to men who passed examinations on the philosophical or legal classes and Chinese literature | 26 | |
| 107928962 | What was the problem that continued to show up in the Chinese bureaucracy? | -The bureaucracy was still overwhelmingly run by established families. | 27 | |
| 107928963 | What were the two types of Buddhism? | -Mahayana Buddhism -Chan/Zen Buddhism for the elite | 28 | |
| 107928964 | Mahayana Buddhism | -more popular to the masses -more about rebirth -lotus flower | 29 | |
| 107928965 | Chan/Zen Buddhism | -elite -stressed mediation and the appreciation of natural/artistic beauty | 30 | |
| 107928966 | Empress Wu; when and what. | - 690-705 - Tried to make Buddhism the state religion - Commissioned Buddhist painting/sculpture - Had statues of Buddha carved - Had large pagodas built - had 50,000 monasteries | 31 | |
| 107928967 | pagodas | a Hindu or Buddhist temple or sacred building, typically a many-tiered tower, in India and the Far East. | 32 | |
| 107928968 | monasteries | a community of persons, esp. monks or nuns, living under religious vows. • the place of residence occupied by such persons | 33 | |
| 107928969 | Tell when, why, and what happened during the attack on Buddhism | - 840s, mid 9th century | 34 | |
| 107928970 | Emperor Wuzong; what he did | - tried to please the Neo- Confucianists -had thousands of shrines destroyed -monks/nuns were forced to abandon monastic life - lands were divided among taxpaying landlords/peasants (Buddhism had already left it's mark in law, arts, language, heaven, and charity | 35 | |
| 107928971 | Empress Wei | -Attempts to take throne for son by poisoning her husband. | 36 | |
| 107928972 | Xuanzong; what he wanted and did | - eventually wanted political/economic reforms -devoted self to arts, pleasures, and music -had a relation with Yang Guifei, a woman from the harem of another prince. | 37 | |
| 107928973 | Xuanzong and Yang Guifei <3 | - ill-fated romance | 38 | |
| 107928974 | Yang Guifei | - Gave power to her family which angered others - neglected the economy - military was weak | 39 | |
| 107928975 | Zhao Kuangyin | Fearless warrior | 40 | |
| 107928976 | What Dynasty could the Song Dynasty not overcome? what eventually happened? | -Liao Dynasty - The Song Dynasty was always plagued by pressure from the north -Had to pay heavy tribute to north -north military was dominant. | 41 | |
| 107928977 | How was the Song Dynasty superior to the Liao Dynasty | - the Song Dynasty was culturally superior to the Liao Dynasty | 42 | |
| 107928978 | Neo- Confucians | - Personal morality was the highest goal - Virtue was attained through the book of learning, personal observations, and contact with wise people. -Hostile to foreign philosophies (Buddhism) -Focus was on tradition. | 43 | |
| 107928979 | Decline of the Song Dynasty was a result of? | - Weakness -tribute paid to the Liao Dynasty weakened the economy - Cost of the army was too expensive - Focus was on civilian leaders - money was not spent on fortifications, but was spent on scholarly pursuits and entertainment | 44 | |
| 107928980 | fortifications | a defensive wall or other reinforcement built to strengthen a place against attack. | 45 | |
| 107928981 | Grand Canal | - used for the movement of people and goods. - million forced laborers were forced to build | 46 | |
| 107928982 | Silk Road | expanded and protected - horses, Persian rugs, tapestries were imported - silk textiles, porcelain, and paper were exported | 47 | |
| 107928983 | Junks | - small ships used for importing and exporting stuff -watertight bulkheads - sternpost rudders -oars, sails, compasses, and bamboo fenders | 48 | |
| 107928984 | how did the economy get better? | - governments supervised hours/marketing methods at trade centers - merchants banded together in guilds -expanded credit - deposit shops found throughout empire - paper money, credit vouchers, and flying money reduced the danger of robbery | 49 | |
| 107928985 | Changan | -Imperial city - elaborate gardens and hunting park | 50 | |
| 107928986 | agricultural improvements | - encouraged peasant migrations -supported military garrisons in rural areas - state- regulated irrigation/canals - new seeds (champa rice from Vietnam) - great poo - inventions (wheelbarrow) - break up land of aristocracy | 51 | |
| 107928987 | describe the role of women | - slowly improved, then deteriorated -upper class women could yield considerable power initially - divorce had to be mutual - there was more defense against husband's negative behavior than in India -wealthy women even took lovers in Hangzhou. | 52 | |
| 107928988 | what happend to womens role when Beo- Confucianists came into play | - women were put back in their place - main role was bearer of sons - they were excluded from education for civil service - footbinding, which was equal to veil/ seclusion in Islam | 53 | |
| 107928989 | footbinding | - men prefered small feet - it limited mobility - mothers had to bind daughter's feet | 54 | |
| 107928990 | inventions | -new agricultural tools - banks and paper money -engineering feats. (grand canal, dikes, dams) - bridges - explosive powder - drinking tea -chairs - coal for fuel - kites - abacus - compass - movable type printing press | 55 |