AP World Chapter 14 Vocab Flashcards

136067408	Latin West	Historians' name for the territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language for intellectual exchange in the period ca. 1000-1500	0
136067409	three-field system	A rotational system in which each year the farmers would use 2/3 of their land for crops and planted oats in the other third which rejuvenated the soil and could be used to feed the horses	1
136067410	Black Death	An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-14th century, carrying off vast numbers of persons	2
136067411	water wheel	A mechanism that harnesses the energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery	3
136067412	Hanseatic League	An economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the 14th century	4
136067413	guild	An association of craft specialist or of merchants that regulated the business practices of its members and the prices they charged; trained apprentices; denied outsiders and all Jews membership	5
136067414	Gothic cathedral	Large churches originating in 12th century France; built in an architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows	6
136067415	Universities	Degree-granting institutions of higher learning. Those that appeared in Latin West from about 1200 onward became the model of all modern universities	7
136067416	Scholasticism	A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the 13th century	8
136067417	humanists (Renaissance)	European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, and moral philosophy), influential in the 15th century and later	9
136067418	printing press	A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink	10
136067419	Great Western Schism	A division in the Latin (Western) Christian Church between 1378 and 1417, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon	11
136067420	Hundred Years War	1337-1453; Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families	12
136067421	new monarchies	Historians' term for the monarchies in France, England, and Spain from 1450-1600. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits	13
136067422	reconquest	Beginning in the 11th century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. In 1492, the last Muslim ruler was defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms	14