WHAP Chapter 18-20 Test Review Flashcards

111874488	Name the territory that was added to Russia	Asia, also gained the leading role in eastern Europe	0
111874489	Name the political center that served as the focal point for the Russian liberation from the Mongols	Duchy of Moscow	1
111907973	Name the Russian ruler that was a large part of Russia freed from Mongol control in the 15th century	Ivan III, he was a tax collector - refused to pay tribute to the Mongols	2
111907975	Name the government that Ivan the Great claims to have succeed as the "Third Rome"	Byzantine Government	3
111907976	Name the empire that Ivan the Terrible declared that the Russian empire was the successor to	Rome	4
111907977	Define Cossacks	Peasants, adventurers, Russian pioneers. Peasants were recruited to migrate to newly-seized lands in the Byzantine Empire.	5
111907978	Following the death of Ivan IV, explain the Time of Troubles	Russian boyars attempted to limit tsarist autocracy and gain new governing rights for themselves. Sweden and Poland attack Russian territory.	6
111907979	Name the family that was selected in 1613 to establish a new ruling dynasty in Russia.	Romanov	7
111907980	Name the tsar responsible for the abolition of assemblies of the nobles and reform of the orthodox church.	Alexis	8
111907981	Explain who the Old Believers were	Dissident religious conservatives. They refused to accept tsarist reforms of the Orthodox Church and were exiled to Siberia for their conservatism. They maintained their religion and extended Russias colonizing activities.	9
111907982	Explain the political aspects of Western culture that peter the great emulated in russia	Streamlined Bureaucracy - recruited from outside aristocratic rank, giving the nobles titles to reward service. Recognized military - imitated Western military organization. Secret police supervised bureaucracy.	10
111907983	Name the sea that became critical in the development of Russian power during the reign of Peter the Great	Baltic	11
111907984	Name the place where Peter the Great established a new capital for Russia.	St. Petersburg	12
111907985	Name the industries where Peter the Great's program of economic development was concentrated	Mining, Metallurgical (ship building), serf labor. DID NOT URBANIZE or develop a large commercial class	13
111907986	Name the next powerful ruler of Russia after peter the great's death	Catherine (II) the Great	14
111907987	Name the radical who urged the abolition of serfdom during the reign of Catherine the Great	Radishev	15
111907988	Name the areas that were colonized or claimed by the Russian empire during the reign of catherine the great	Parts of Siberia, Poland, the pacific coast of North America as far south as modern California, Alaska. Resumed campaigns against the Ottomans, winning new territories in central Asia including Crimea.	16
111907989	Name the countries that participated in the successive partitions of Poland	Poland, Russia, Prussia, Austria	17
111907990	Name the year that Russian serfdom became hereditary	1649	18
111907991	The labor obligation of Russian peasants to lords or to the state was known as an:	Obrok	19
111907992	Name the percentage of the Russian population that remained rural in the 18th century.	95	20
111907993	Who led the Russian peasant rebellion to end serfdom, taxation, conscription and abolish the landed aristocracy in the 1770s?	Pugachev	21
111915354	What was grants of Indians to individual Spaniards in a kind of serfdom called?	Encomiendas	22
111915355	Name the group of Indians that supplied agricultural labor for the Spaniards in the Caribbean	Taino	23
111915356	Describe what friar Bartolom e' de Las Casas did for the Indians	Converted natives to Christianity, and Initiated the struggle for justice for the Indians.	24
111915357	Name the person responsible for the conquest for the Aztec empire in Mexico	Hernan Cortes	25
111915358	Name the Indian institutions that were retained by the Spanish to serve European administration purposes.	The traditional indian nobility was unaffected, but the Spanish inserted their authorities below the nobility as a middle man between the new rulers and the population	26
111915359	Colonial governments replacing the labor of the encomiendas with Indian labor extracted through local officials to work on state projects like churches mines, etc.	the mita	27
111915360	Name where the greatest silver mine was located	Potosi' in upper Peru	28
111956699	Name the year that silver in the Americas rapidly expanded	After 1580	29
111956700	What were heavily armed ships used to carry silver belonging to the crown called?	Galleons	30
111956701	What treaty divided the sphere of influence belonging to Spain and Portugal?	The treaty of Tordesillas of 1494	31
111956702	Name the group of people who were most critical to the bureaucratic administration of the Spanish colonies in America.	Letrados, university trained lawyers	32
111956703	What term describes the codification of the laws into the basis for government in the colonies? It was structured as Viceroys subdivided into 10 judicial divisions controlled by superior courts.	Recopilacion	33
111956704	Define audiencias	Superior courts	34
111956705	Name the colony that became the first major plantation zone	Brazil	35
111956706	Name who caused the first landfall in the colony of Brazil in 1500	Pedro Alvares Cabral	36
111956707	What were the strips of land granted to Portuguese nobles called?	Captaincies	37
111956708	Name the proportion of the Brazilian population that made up the slaves	1/2	38
111956709	Name the European nation that followed the Brazilian model of a plantation colony	Caribbean	39
111956710	Name the region where gold was discovered in Brazil	Mountainous interior called Minas Gerias (General Mines)	40
111956711	Name the port that was associated with the discovery of gold in Brazil and subsequently became the capital of the colony.	Rio de Janeiro	41
111956712	Name the Spanish dynasty that was responsible for the series of 18th century reforms that recast the colonial administration of the Americas	Bourbon	42
111956713	Name the Minister of the Indies responsible for the 18th century reforms within the Spanish empire	Jose' de Galvez	43
111976599	List the early modern Islamic empires	Abbasid; Seljuk Turks; Ottoman; Safavid Dynasty; Mughal	44
111976600	Name the group that dominated the Abbasid dynasty prior to the Mongol invasions	Seljuk Turks	45
111976601	Name the original base of the Ottoman Turks	Anatolia Peninsula	46
111976602	Name who restored the Ottoman Empire following the Timurid invasions	Mehmad 1st	47
111976603	Name the year the Ottomans conquered Constantinople and ended the Byzantine Empire	1453	48
111976604	Give the term that describes Christian boys either taken from or given by parents as slave troops that later converted to Islam	Janissaries	49
111976605	Name the head of the Ottoman central bureaucracy	Vizier	50
111976606	Name one of the most beautiful of the Ottoman mosques of Constantinople	Suleymainye, or Selim-Larger dome	51
111976607	Name the chosen language of the Ottoman court	Turkish	52
111976608	Name the century when the Ottoman galleys were eclipsed by western naval power	16th century	53
111976609	Name the European nation that first threatened the Ottoman monopoly of trade with East Africa and India	Portugal	54
111976610	Name the group that represented such extreme conservatism within the Ottoman Empire that reform was frustrated	Janissaries	55
111976611	Name the center of the Safavid Empire (modern day state)	Iran	56
111976612	Name the variant of Islam the Safavid dynasty began from	Sufis Mystics	57
111976613	Name the year that the first Safavid was declared shah	1501	58
111976614	Who were followers of the Safavids, wore distinctive head gear, and Preached the Shiite doctrine?	the Red Heads	59
111976615	Name the first Safavid Shah	Ismail	60
111976616	Name the Shah who brought the Safavid Empire to its greatest extent	Ababs 1st	61
111976617	Name the official language of the Safavid Empire after Chaldiran	Persian	62
111976618	Name the capital of the Safavid Empire under Abbas the Great	Isfahan	63
111976619	Name the immediate successor of the Safavid dynasty in Persia	Nadir Khan Afshan	64
111976620	Name the founder of the Mughal Dynasty	Babar	65
111976621	Name the battle that the first Mughal emperor successfully defeated the Muslim ruler of the Lodi dynasty in 1562	Panipat	66
111976622	List the goals of Aurangzeb	Extended Mughal control all over India; Purify Islam in India by removing the Hindu influences	67
111981706	List the primary limitations on the expansion of the agricultural economy	lack of technological improvement	68
111981707	Explain where in the Americas did the Spanish create the models that were applied throughout their possessions in the New World	Caribbean	69