Unit 9 AP World history test- The americas Flashcards

131334565	What did the Spanish come to the Americas for?	Gold, glory, and god.	0
131334566	Where was the Incan capital located?	Machu Picchu (top of the Andes mountains)	1
131334567	What were the Toltecs like?	Had many civil wars over religion which tore their society apart. Invaders from the north were able to destroy them in 1160s.	2
131334568	Native Americans....	were nomadic and were divided into tribes. Well known tribes today appeared after the 1000s	3
131334569	What was hunter-gatherer culture like in North America?	Women tended to gather berries and roots, weave, make pottery, and raise children, but status was secondary to men.	4
131334570	What is the Southwest Desert presently known as?	Arizona and New Mexico	5
131334571	What settlement occurred during the 300s-800s BCE?	Mongollon, Hohokam, and Anazazi (300-1300 CE)	6
131334572	What was Anazazi life like?	Make pueblos on open flat land, caves, canyons. Also held religious ceremonies in underground chambers (kivas)	7
131334573	What were the underground chambers that the Anazazi held religious ceremonies in called?	Kivas	8
131334574	What were some of the Ohio and Mississippian Valley civilizations?	Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian.	9
131334575	How did the Mississippian civilization live?	Built great mounds and cities. The largest city was Cahokia.	10
131334576	What was the largest city in the Mississippian civilization, where was it located, and what was the population?	Cahokia, in western Illinois, had a population of 30,000	11
131334577	What was the height of the Aztec empire and its population?	Tenochtitlan-Tlatelco. Half million	12
131334578	How large was the Aztec population	10 million	13
131334579	Where is the Aztec capital located current day?	Mexico City	14
131334580	How large was the Aztec empire after all the land they conquered?/	covered more than 125,000 square miles.	15
131334581	Who was the last ruler of the Aztecs?	Moctezuma ll (1502-1520)	16
131334582	Who was Hernan Cortes?	An explorer who led Spanish conquistadors to the Americas in the early 1500s. Cortes and a group of Spanish conquistadors captured and killed Moctezuma ll, the final Aztec ruler. They overthrew the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan, which fell in 1520 along with the death of Moctezuma ll.	17
131334583	Where is Machu Picchi current day?	The top of the Andes Mountains	18
131334584	What was the capital of the Incan empire?	Cuzco (interior lined with GOLD)	19
131334585	What where the early Andean civilizations?	Chavin, Nazca, Moche, Huari, Tiahuanaco, and Chimu.	20
131334586	Where were Early Andean civilizations?	Northwestern Andes	21
131334587	What were societies organized into clans called?	ayllu	22
131334588	What were obligations to clans known as?	mit'a	23
131334589	What was early Andean culture like?	Women tended to be greatly constrained in their rights and freedoms. Terrace farming in all societies.	24
131334590	What was an invention that early Andean Civilizations used to count?	Quipo	25
131334591	How much land did the Incan empire cover?	3,000 miles. The incas ruled a territory that stretched from Chile in northern Ecuador and from the Pacific coast to the upper Amazon Basin.	26
131334592	Who did the Incas worship?	The sun god	27
131334593	What were the central American societies?	Olmecs and Maya.	28
131334594	What were central American societies like?	Despotic or rigid dictatorships ruled by kings and priests. Had trade and economic interaction.	29
131342003	What was agriculture like in central american societies?	Grew maize and potatoes	30
131342004	When did central american societies begin?	5000-3000 BCE	31
131342005	Where was the mayan empire located?	yucatan peninsula (southern mexico)	32
131342006	What accomplishments did the Mayan and Aztecs have?	Built pyraminds, mainly for religious purposes, temples were built on top of pyramids to honor the gods.	33
131342007	What was the purpose of Tenochtitlan?	Dedicated to Huizilopochtli (the sun god) and Tlaloc (the rain god)	34
131342008	What did the Spanish bring to the Americas?	Diseases such as smallpox and measles which wiped out millions of natives. They're so nice ! :)	35
131342009	What were Spanish tactics used for?	To stir up rivalries among various native tribes and allying with some against others	36
131342010	Who discovered Portuguese Brazil?	Pedro Cabral in 1500 Accidental discovery. Outpost established in 1532, upgraded to governor-generalship in 1549, became a viceroyalty in 1720.	37
131345650	Who were Peninsulares?	Spanish from Spain	38
131345651	Who were Creoles?	Spanish born in Americas	39
131345652	Who were Meztizo?	mixed Spanish/Native descent	40
131345653	What was a major priority during Spanish expedition?	To convert Native Americans to Catholic Christianity	41
131345654	What did Spain and Portugal take, and how much did they take of it?	Gold (185,000 kilograms) and Silver (16 million kilograms of silver)	42
131345655	Why was the House of trade established?	To direct all trade and shipping from the New World through the Spanish port of Seville	43
131354775	What was the encomienda?	Made all Native Americans subjects of the Spanish crown. Spanish generals and explorers were allowed to use the Indian as a source of labor	44
131354776	When did the character of the rule change?	During 1530s and 1540s.	45
131354777	Who protested the cruel treatment of Indians?	Dominican monk Las Casas, created New Laws and the encomienda system was abolished in 1542	46
131354778	What was Agriculture and sugar production like?	haciendas, estancias, and latifundias were huge estates for growing a single crop cheaply. Products included coffee, bananas, tomatoes, corn, and potatoes. Also sugar plantations, molasses, and rum.	47
131356854	What islands did the Dutch take over?	Caribbean	48
131356855	When did the Dutch begin to settle in North America?	The late 1500s and early 1600s	49
131356856	What did the Netherlands establish in 1621?	The dutch west india company	50
131356857	What were the new Netherlands like?	The largest and most famous Dutch colony, founded in what is now New York in the early 1600s. Their region had been explored and claimed by Henry Hudson on behalf of the Dutch in 1609	51