CH 21 Muslim Empires Flashcards

128593509	what do the ottomans, the seljuks, and the mughals all share in common?	all: turkic, warrior societies, centralized rule	0
128593510	what two socities were SUNNI? which one was SHI'A?	ottoman and mughal = sunni seljuk = shi'a	1
128593511	O: which sultan defeated constantinople, and what time?	Mehmed II, 1453	2
128593512	O: define: SULTAN. VIZIER. JANISSARIES.	sultan- an "absoulte" monarch vizier- head of administration of ottoman bureacracy janissaries- slave armies made of young boys	3
128593513	O: Who was Suleyman the magnificent and what did he do?	he was a sultan and he helped restore constantinople to ancient glory, along with help of Mehmed II	4
128593514	explain some of the ottomans effect and how they changed constantinople?	saint sophia --> islamic mosque trade/commerce (Golden Horn) aqueducts and structures made (hospitals and rest houses) social life increased (coffee houses) Turkish lang = prefered over arabic and persian	5
128593515	O: Explain the Golden Horn.	bay around consantinople crowded with merchants and ships throughout region	6
128593516	O: What language was prefered over persian and arabic?	turkish	7
128593517	what is the term for the Ottoman decline?	"sick man" of Europe	8
128593518	explain the reasons for the "sick man" of europe...(ottoman decline)	-conquests ran out and loss of land -hard to mintain oversized bureacracy...corruption -army shrank -peasant uprrisings due to taxes -succession crisis...inept sultans -inflation	9
128593519	S: who was Sail al-Din, and what did he do?	he was a sufi mystic and he began a militant campaign to spread muslim teachings among turkic tribes.	10
128593520	S: what was the outcome of Sail al-Din's campaign? (hint: who were the Red Heads? Who was Ismail?)	Red heads- safavid followers of sail al-din outcome: as red heads grew, enemies grew, and successive safavid leaders perished except for Ismail, who led a string of victories and took the city of Tabriz, and proclaimed shah.	11
128593521	S: what is a shah?	a safavid emporer	12
128593522	S: what was the outcome of the ismail's movment? where did they conquer, and what happened after that?	followers conquered Persia, and brought them into conflict with ottoman rulers, which started the Chaldiran war.....SUNNI VS. SH'IA...DUN...DUN...DUNNNNNN	13
128593523	S: what was the war called that was ottomans (sunni) vs. safavids (shi'a) called, and when was it? what was the outcome?	Chaldiran war, 1514. ottomans won, but they couldn;t follow up with the battle conquests so they gave up, and safavids regrouped and revived most of their lands. YAY! :D	14
128593524	S: what was the role of the warrior nobles in the bureacracy?	they were assigned villiages, whose peasants supply them w food and labor.	15
128593525	S: what was a nick name given to Abbas I?	Abbas the great	16
128593526	S: what did Abbas the great do as shah?	used "slave" regiments and monopolized the firearms, etc.	17
128593527	S: what does padisha mean?	means king of kings	18
128593528	S: What is an imam?	a successor of Ali	19
128593529	S: what is a Mullah?	relgious advisor to shah, also supervised state and were prayer leaders	20
128593530	S: what language suerceeded turkish in safavid?	persian	21
128593531	S: What capital did Abbas I devote special attention to? where did the capital trade with, and what?	Isfahan. traded with E and W, traded carpets	22
128593532	S: What was te status of women in the Safavid emp?	mostly subjugated...veiling practiced	23
128593533	S: what was due to the rapid collapse of the safavids?	-succesion competition (then, inept rule) -rebellions and invasions by ottomans	24
128593534	S: Who was Nadir Khan Afshar and what did he have to do witht he decline of the Safavid emp?	during the collapse, he claimed to be lineage for the shah, o he became shah but it was shortlived bc it was collapsing! .....A LITTLE TOO LATE, BUDDY...	25
128593535	M: who was Babur, and what did he do? what empire?	Babur = founder of Mughal dynasty, descended from turkic conquerer Timur Babur was militaristic for booty, was strong military stratigist, did little to reform Lodi bureacracy, loved arts	26
128593536	M: who succeded Babur?	Humayan	27
128593537	M: who succeeded Humayan?	Akbar	28
128593538	M: where dd Akbar expand his land to?	Deccan plataeu	29
128593539	M: what relgion does Akbar come up with? what is the purpose of it?	Din-I-ilahi purpose was to have hindu and muslims to have one religion to stop arguing over differences	30
128593540	M: what did Akbar do to help women?	no sati, limited child brides, widows remarry, market days for women restricted by purdah	31
128593541	M: who were the sons of Akbar and what did and didnt they do to help the Mughal emp?	Jahan and Jahangir did: major achivement in arts (painting, Taj Mahal, archeticture, etc.) didnt: failed to advance in science/tech (fell behind Eur), failed to help anywwhere in bureacracy/admin	32
128593542	M: what three cities where considered "Mughal chief cities"?	Delhi, Agra, and Lahoe	33
128593543	M: explain womens influence on Mughal emp?	Women influence = strong at court. the wives husbands helped rule with the court/admin since their husbands only into the arts	34
128593544	M: who was buried at the Taj Mahal?	Shah Jahan and his wife	35
128593545	M: how was the decline of the Mughal emp?	slow due to th rise of the Europeans.	36
128593546	M: who was Aurangzeb and what did he do during the decline of the Mughal emp? what was the outcome?	he was a shah, and he had schmes to strengthen the empire. he purified islam to only hindus, and conquered most of subconteinet. outcome: it helped extend lands, but their was an inefficeient bureacracy and army, which led to peasant revolts and rebellions (marattas and sikhs)	37
128593547	M: explain Marattas and sikhs	maratta: hindu warrior aritocracy tat put n end to mughal control over the arge areas Sikhs: new religous sect that further strained the decline	38