Chapter 3 Terms Flashcards
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| 205931389 | Aryans | nomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally settled; vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system | 0 | |
| 205931390 | Brahman | The structure from which all things exist according to the Upanishads | 1 | |
| 205931391 | brahmins | special priests of the Indo-Aryan societywho knew the proper forms and rulesof their complicated religious rituals | 2 | |
| 205931392 | caste | (Hinduism) a hereditary social class among Hindus | 3 | |
| 205931393 | Dravidian | a large family of languages spoken in south and central India and Sri Lanka | 4 | |
| 205931394 | Harappan | a civilization that based itself on the Indus River | 5 | |
| 205931395 | Indus River | river in Pakistan that creates a fertile plain known as the Indus River Valley | 6 | |
| 205931396 | jati | (Hinduism) a Hindu subcaste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India | 7 | |
| 205931397 | karma | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation | 8 | |
| 205931398 | kshatriyas | second level of the varnas in the Hindu caste system; WARRIORS | 9 | |
| 205931399 | mandate of heaven | a political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source | 10 | |
| 205931400 | moksha | The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths. | 11 | |
| 205931401 | oracle bones | cattle bones or tortoise shells on which Chinese priests would write questions and then interpret answers from the cracks that formed when the bones were heated | 12 | |
| 205931402 | Qin | A people and state in the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire (221-206 B.C.E.). The Qin ruler, Shi Huangdi, standardized many features of Chinese society and enslaved subjects. (163) | 13 | |
| 205931403 | samsara | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth | 14 | |
| 205931404 | Shang Dynasty | the imperial dynasty ruling China from about the 18th to the 12th centuries BC | 15 | |
| 205931405 | shudras | laborers, craftworkers and servants in the Indian caste system | 16 | |
| 205931406 | untouchables | LOWEST LEVEL OF INDIAN SOCIETY; not considered a real part of the caste system; often given degrading jobs; their life was extremely difficult | 17 | |
| 205931407 | Upanishads | A group of writings sacred in Hinduism concerning the relations of humans, God, and the universe. | 18 | |
| 205931408 | vaishyas | peasants & traders in Hindu society; 3rd level of caste system | 19 | |
| 205931409 | varna | (Hinduism) the name for the original social division of Vedic people into four groups (which are subdivided into thousands of jatis) | 20 | |
| 205931410 | Vedas | Ancient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism. | 21 | |
| 205931411 | Vedic age | A period in the history of India; It was a period of transition from nomadic pastoralism to settled village communities, with cattle the major form of wealth. | 22 | |
| 205931412 | Xia Dynasty | This was the earliest known dynasty. There is no written evidence of this early time period, but artifacts have been found. The people of this time were farmers and made pottery. | 23 | |
| 205931413 | Yangzi | the calmer more predictable river in China. There was more irrigation needed for it though. | 24 | |
| 205931414 | Yellow River | a major river of Asia in northern China | 25 | |
| 205931415 | Yu | A possibly mythical Chinese ruler revered for the construction of an effective system of flood control along the Huanghe River valley; founder of Xia kingdom. | 26 | |
| 205931416 | Zhou Dynasty | the imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC | 27 |