Unit 2 Vocab #2 Flashcards

134712290	Mamluks	Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to early sixteenth centuries	0
134712291	Medieval	Pertaining to the middle ages of European history	1
134712292	Mexica	The name given to themselves by the Aztec people	2
134712293	Middle Ages	The period of European history traditionally given as 500-1500	3
134712294	Minaret	A tower attached to a mosque from which Muslims are called to worship	4
134712295	Mississippians	Were a Chalcolithic (copper age) mound-building Native American culture that flourished in the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1500 A.D., varying regionally.	5
134712296	Mita	A labor system used by Andean societies in which community members shared work owed to rulers and the religious community	6
134712297	Moldboard Plow	A form of plow consisting of a plowshare (blade) and hitch attached to livestock. It turns the soil in one run across the field, depositing the weeds and remains of the previous crop under the soil and raising the rain-percolated nutrients back to the surface. This plow also allowed for plowing while the ground was wet.	7
134712298	Mound-builders	In North American archaeology, name given to those people who built mounds in a large area from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mts. The greatest concentrations of mounds are found in the Mississippi and Ohio valleys.	8
134712299	Neo-Confucianism	A philosophy that blended Confucianism with Buddhism and Daoism	9
134712300	Parallel Descent	In Incan society, descent through both the mother and father	10
134712301	Parliament	A representative assembly	11
134712302	People of the Book	A term applied by Islamic governments to Muslims, Christians, and Jews in reference to the fact that all three religions had a holy book	12
134712303	Quechua	Andean society also known as the Inca	13
134712304	Quipus	A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records	14
134712305	Quran	The holy book of Islam	15
134712306	Ramadan	The holy month of Islam which commemorates the appearance of the angel Gabriel to Muhammad; fasting is required during this month	16
134712307	Scholar-gentry	The Chinese class of well educated men from whom many of the bureaucrats were chosen	17
134712308	Seppuku	The Japanese formal language term for ritual suicide. Hara-kiri is the common language term. Hara-kiri, which literally means "stomach cutting", is a particularly painful method of self-destruction. Only the samurai class was allowed to commit seppuku.	18
134712309	Serf	A peasant who is bound to the land he or she works	19
134712310	Shariah	The body of law that governs Muslim society	20
134712311	Shinto	The traditional Japanese religion based on veneration of ancestors and spirits of nature	21
134712312	Shi'ite	The branch of Islam that holds that the leader of Islam must be a descendant of Muhammad's family.	22
134712313	Shogun	Japanese military leaders under the bakufu	23
134712314	Shogunate	The rule of the shoguns in Japan	24
134712315	Sufis	Muslims who attempt to reach Allah through mysticism	25
134712316	Sultan	An Islamic ruler	26
134712317	Sunni	The branch of Islam that believes that the Muslim community should select its leaders; the Sunnis are the largest branch of Islam	27
134712318	Tea Ceremony	An ancient Shinto ritual still performed in the traditional Japanese capital of Kyoto	28
134712319	Tribute	The payment of a tax in the form of goods and labor by subject peoples	29
134712320	Toltecs	Ancient civilization of Mexico. The name in Nahuatl means "master builders." The Toltec formed a warrior aristocracy that gained ascendancy in the Valley of Mexico c. AD 900 after the fall of Teotihuacán.	30
134712321	Umma	The community of all Muslims believers	31
134712322	Vassal	In medieval Europe, a person who pledged military or other service to a lord in exchange for a gift of land or other privilege	32
134712323	Zakat	Religious tax, one of the five basic requirements (arkan or "pillars") of Islam. All adult Muslims of sound mind and body with a set level of income and assets are expected to pay zakat.	33