Pre-AP World History Fall Final Flashcards

115735787	Cultural Diffusion	The spreading of cultural traits from one society to another	0
115735788	Causes of social rankings in early human societies	The growth of settled communities and civilizations	1
115735789	World Migration	Caused by climate changes	2
115735790	Ice ages affect on worldwide migration	Land briges connecting continents were exposed	3
115735791	Neolithic revolution	The shift of hunting and gathering to agriculture	4
115735792	Farming advancements (irrigation)	Was most important to the developement of cities	5
115735793	Invention of writting	Writting has existed for 5,000 years	6
115735794	Significance of rivers in early civilizations	Cities developed around rivers	7
115735795	Tigris and Euphrates rivers	Mesopotamian civilizations formed around these rivers. Theses rivers formed the Fertle Cresent.	8
115735796	Cuneiform	System of wedge-shaped writing that developed in early Mesopotamia.	9
115735797	Hammurabi's Code	Important because it was written down and displayed for all to see	10
115735798	Cyrus I	Founded the Persian Empire and was respected because he let those he conquered keep their customs.	11
115735799	Persian Empire success	The Royal Road, Advanced Administration techniques, Standardized taxes and toleration practices.	12
115735800	Persepolis	Located in modern day Iran	13
115735801	Menes	Unified Upper and Lower Egypt	14
115735802	Theocracy	Egyptians believed that Pharaoh was a god in human form	15
115735803	Akhenaton	Egypt became monotheistic under his rule	16
115735804	Mummification	The process that Egyptians developed to prevent the breakdown of a dead body	17
115735805	Rossetta Stone	Made the translation of Egyptian writing, hieroglyphics, possible	18
115735806	Piankhi	Kushite ruler who conqured Egypt and was known as "The Foreign Pharaoh"	19
115735807	Ramses	Built monuments in Egypt and Kush	20
115735808	Monsoons	Heavy rains brought on by seasonal winds	21
115735809	Indus River	Instrumental to the development of India	22
115735810	Karma	The sum effect of a person's actions, both good and bad, which helps shape future experiments	23
115735811	Ahimsa	Nonviolence, carefully avoiding harming any living creature. Fundemental part of Jainism	24
115735812	Siddartha Guatama	single founder of Buddhism	25
115735813	Yellow and Yangzi Rivers	The two rivers that supplied water for China's earliest civilizations.	26
115735814	Mandate of Heaven	The principle that stated the gods would support a just ruler, but they would not allow anyone corrupt to hold power.	27
115735815	Confucianism	Chinese philosophy dealing with love and respect, traditional manners, and rituals.	28
115735816	Hinduism	Had no single founder	29
117989122	Acropolis	High area used for housing for the gods, and public ceremonies.	30
117989123	Causes of the Persian Wars	First: Sending aid to Ionian Greek city-states that rebelled againist the Persians. Second: Xerxes wanting to redeem his father	31
117989124	Socrates	Greek philosopher that is known as the father of western philosophy.	32
117989125	Stoicism	Influential Hellenistic philosophy was characterized by an emphasis on reason, self-discipline, emotional control, and personal morality.	33
117989126	Alexander's influence	Hellenistic culture, which spread over the areas Alexander conquered.	34
117989127	Archimedes	Hellenistic scientist that used mathematics and physics to build practical inventions including the lever and pulley	35
117989128	Punic Wars	Set of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage	36
117989129	Gracchi Brothers	Major social reformers who were killed because they re-distributed land to soldiers and small farmers.	37
117989130	Pax Romana	Was characterized by stable government, widespread trade, and strong legal system.	38
117989131	Aqueducts	Man-made channels used to bring water to the cities	39
117989132	Diocletian	Emperor who delayed the fall of the Roman Empire by declaring it an absolute monarchy and dividing the empire in 2.	40
117989133	Constantine	Emperor who supported Christianity and moved the capital of the Roman empire to the east at Byzantine	41
117989134	Fall of Rome	Was caused by weak leaders and invasions, economic crises, and social unrest and insecurity.	42
117989135	Geography and the Enviornment	Determined how the Inuit, the Iroquois, and the Plains Indians obtanied food, created shelter, and organized their society.	43
117989136	Anasazi	North American culture that developed pueblos, kivas, and cliff dewlings in their architecture in modern states of Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico.	44
117989137	Olmecs	The Mesoamerican civilization developed an extensive trade network, invented a calendar, used writting, and carved giant stone heads.	45
117989138	Legalism	A political philosophy which believed that a powerful and efficient government was key to maintaining order and control over an empire	46
117989139	Silk Trade	China's trade economy centered around one particular good which was very secretive.	47
117989140	Qin Control of China	Strengthened China by expanding and improving irrigation systems, roads and canals.	48
117989141	Ashoka	One of India's greatest leaders, expanded the Mauryan Empire, helped spread Buddhism throughout India and beyond, and worked to improve the lives of his people.	49
117989142	Aryabhata	Astronomer who discovered that the earth rotates on its axis and revolves around the Sun	50
117989143	Kautilya	Wrote the Arthasastra, a manual for statecraft that called for strict state control, use of spies, and the use of assassination.	51
117989144	Hijab	Literally translates as "curtain" or "veil" refers to the headscarf and nonrevealing clothing worn by many Muslim women to maintain modesty.	52
117989145	Caliph	The prophets successor on earth	53
117989146	Mosque	Place of worship for Muslims, recognized by tall minarets or towers	54
117989147	Sharia	This is the name for Islamic law, based on the Qur'an and the sayings of the prophet Muhammad	55
117989148	Kaaba	The cube-shaped structure at the heart of the city of Mecca is known as	56
117989149	Battle of Tours	This battle in France stopped Islamic expansion from going past Spain and further into Europe.	57
117989150	Spread of Islam	Spread to West Africa and Southeast Asia through lively trade and exchange.	58
117989151	Griot	This was a storyteller whose job was to pass down oral traditions to the next generation	59
117989152	Religion in Aksum	Christianity came in the 300	60
117989153	Sahara Desert	The Hausa city-states, Yoruba kingdoms, and the kingdom of Benin did not grow as powerful as the Mali or Songhai because of their location; they could not control or profit from trade across the __________.	61
117989154	Trade goods in Africa	glassware, silk and porcelain	62
117989155	Great Zimbabwe	Was part of Africa's thriving trade network because archeoligists found glass beads and gold coins at the Great Zimbabwe site. Great Zimbabwe's location allowed it to serve as a middleman for trade between Africa's interior and coastal city-states.	63
117989156	Ethiopia	The stone churches built under the rule of King Lalibela show the impressive technical knowledge and skill of Ethopians at that time. Ethopia's Christain kings persecuted the Beta Israel Jews. Christianity provided a unifying identity for the Ethiopian people.	64
117989157	Mansa Musa	This leader performed a Hajj, with over 60,000 people and gave away a fortune in gold	65
117989158	King Lalibela	This Ethiopian king built many stone churches, showing the impressive technical knowledge and skill of Ethiopians at that time.	66
117989159	Gaius Marius	Social reformer who forever changed the Roman military by eliminating the property requirements to serve in the army.	67
117989160	Liu Bang	Pheasant leader who led a rebellion that caused the fall of the Qin dynasty, and instilled Confucian values as emperor.	68
117989161	Sufism	The Sufis who were one sect of Islam. They seek a mystical personal relationship with Allah.	69
117989162	Pericles	Leader who was credited with the rebuilding of Athens and glorified democracy in his funeral oration.	70
117989163	Muhammad	Prophet who founded Islam	71
117989164	Dar al Islam	House of Heaven of Islam	72
117989165	Nile River	river that runs north and south. Mainly used by the Egyptians. Longest river in the world	73
117989166	Qin Shi Huangdi	Unified China. Comissioned the building of the Great Wall of China. Not liked by many in the Empire. Legalist.	74
117989167	Ramadan	Islamic holy month or the ninth month in the Islamic calendar during which Muslims fast from dawn to dusk to honor the period when Muhammad recieved his first revelations from God.	75