Chapter 26 Terms Flashcards

151238866	Winston Churchill	1874 to 1965; greatest wartime leader; rallied the British with his speeches, infectious confidence, and bulldog determination; known for his "iron curtain" speech; led the British during World War II; agreed Hitler should be conquered; was thrown out by his own people.	0
151238867	Dwight D. Eisenhower	The American general who led American forces into North Africa, and then moved eastward. The Allies destroyed the Axis African armies. Also commanded the armies in Operation Overlord (D-Day).	1
151244823	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Was elected president of the US by an overwhelming majority in 1932, introduced the New Deal, and led the US through most of WWII.	2
151238868	Douglas MacArthur	(1880-1964), U.S. general. Commander of U.S. (later Allied) forces in the southwestern Pacific during World War II, he accepted Japan's surrender in 1945 and administered the ensuing Allied occupation. He was in charge of UN forces in Korea 1950-51, before being forced to relinquish command by President Truman.	3
151238869	Harry S. Truman	The 33rd U.S. president, who succeeded Franklin D. Roosevelt upon Roosevelt's death in April 1945. Truman, who led the country through the last few months of World War II, is best known for making the controversial decision to use two atomic bombs against Japan in August 1945. After the war, Truman was crucial in the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which greatly accelerated Western Europe's economic recovery.	4
151238870	Erwin Rommel	"Desert Fox"-May 1942; German and Italian armies were led by him and attacked British occupied Egypt and the Suez Canal for the second time; were defeated at the Battle of El Alamein; was moved to France to oversee the defenses before D-Day; tried to assassinate Hitler.	5
151238871	Blitzkrieg	"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland n 1939, characterized by high mobility and concentrated forces at point of attack.	6
151238872	D-day	June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II.	7
151238873	Kamikaze	Japanese suicide pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and crashed them into American ships.	8
151238874	Hiroshima/Nagasaki	nuclear attacks during World War II against the Empire of Japan by the United States of America at the order of U.S. President Harry S. Truman	9
151238875	Marshall Plan	A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe., Introduced by Secretary of State George G. Marshall in 1947, he proposed massive and systematic American economic aid to Europe to revitalize the European economies after WWII and help prevent the spread of Communism.	10
151238876	Yalta Conference	1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war	11
151238877	Iron Curtain	Term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division between Communist and non-Communist life	12