Chapter 24 Terms Flashcards
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| 146030095 | Balkan Wars | In 1912 and 1913, two wars broke out between independent Balkan nations. The Balkan League, consisting of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro, declared war on the Ottoman Empire and won. By the end of 1913, the territory of the Ottoman Empire in Europe had shrunk dramatically. War clouds gathered on the horizons of major imperial European powers. | 0 | |
| 146030096 | Battle of the Somme | A 1916 WWI (1914-1918) battle between German and British forces. Ending in a stalemate, the bitter three-month conflict is notable for the high number of casualties- 1.25 million men killed or wounded - and the first use of tanks in warfare. | 1 | |
| 146030097 | Battle of Tannenberg | Battle between Russia and Germany, one of the first battles of WWI, August 23 - September 2, 1914; Russia badly defeated | 2 | |
| 146030098 | Allies | Great Britain and France and Russia and all the other nations that became allied with them in opposing the Central Powers | 3 | |
| 146030099 | Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire | 4 | |
| 146030100 | Archduke Ferdinand | heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo, started World War I. | 5 | |
| 146030101 | Serbia | Serbia was part of the spark event that started the war. On June 28th 1914, Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophia were killed by a Serbian. A-H demanded that the killers be turned over for trial but Serbia refused. Russia had a secret alliance with Serbia so when A-H attacked she came to help. Great Britain and France came in to help Russia. Germany and Italy came in to help A-H. | 6 | |
| 146030102 | Princip and the Black Hand | Was a member of the Black Hand, the Serbian terrorist group, the person who killed Franz Ferdinand and his wife. | 7 | |
| 146030103 | Schlieffen Plan | Germany's military plan at the outbreak of World War I, according to which Germany troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia | 8 | |
| 146030104 | Trench Warfare | Fighting with trenches, mines, and barbed wire. Horrible living conditions, great slaughter, no gains, stalemate, used in WWI. | 9 | |
| 146030105 | 14 Points | Woodrow Wilson's peace plan to end WWI. It calls for free trade; an end to secret pacts between nations; freedom of the seas; arms reduction; and the creation of a world organization - called the League of Nations | 10 | |
| 146030106 | Woodrow Wilson | 28th President of the United States | 11 | |
| 146030107 | Clemenceau | French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929) | 12 | |
| 146030108 | Nicholas II | Last tsar of Russia, he went to the frontlines in WWI to try to rally the troops, but was forced to abdicate after his wife made horrible decisions under the influence of Rasputin. | 13 | |
| 146030109 | William II | fired Bismarck, creates social welfare program that helped the poor, wanted to build oversee empire for germany in Africa and Asia, created cheap transportation | 14 | |
| 146030110 | Paris Peace Conference | The peace conference that decided the terms of WWI peace and Treaty of Versailles. | 15 | |
| 146030111 | Treaty of Versailles | The treaty imposed on Germany by France, Great Britain, the United States, and other Allied Powers after World War I. It demanded that Germany dismantle its military and give up some lands to Poland. It was resented by many Germans. (p. 763) | 16 | |
| 146030112 | League of Nations | An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace. | 17 | |
| 146030113 | Mandates | terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants | 18 | |
| 146030114 | Hyperinflation | When the German economy tried to print bills to pay off their debt, inflation rates of 40% a day | 19 | |
| 146030115 | Dawes Plan | A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success. | 20 | |
| 146030116 | Kellog-Briand Pact | Proposed by American Secretary of State and French foreign minister Aristade Briand and was an international treaty planning for the renunciation of war an instrument of national policy. | 21 | |
| 146030117 | Lawrence of Arabia | a British officer in the Middle East that urged Arab princes to revolt against their Ottoman overlords | 22 | |
| 146030118 | Turkey | a Eurasian republic in Asia Minor and the Balkans | 23 |