APWH Test 2 - Jackson Flashcards

chapters 4-6
terms on the study guides
NOT FINISHED

37262279	Minoan Crete	the earliest civilization in the aegean region; dissapered; had pluming and bronze	0
37262280	Mycenean	1600-1100 BCE; Indo-Europeans who settled on the Greek mainland, ended in a dark age	1
37262281	Dorians	Greek-speaking people who migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization.	2
37262282	Greek Dark Age	1100-750 BCE; decline in food production and population, many migrated across the aegean sea	3
37262283	Ionians	greeks who settle on a strip of Asia Minor territory known as Ionia during dark ages	4
37262284	iron	after greek dark age, metal replacing bronze in weapons for affordablilty	5
37262285	Greek alphabet	8th Cent BCE; writing system adopted from the Phonecians	6
37262286	Homer	famous Greek writer of the Iliad and the Odyssey	7
37262287	Trojan War	around 1200 BCE; a great war fought between Greece and Troy because trojan prince kidnapped spartan queen helen	8
37262288	polis	around 750-500 BCE; a Greek city-state	9
37262289	acropolis	the meeting point of athens used as a sanctuary	10
37262290	agora	an open place below an acropolis that served as both a marketplace and a place for citizens to assemble	11
37262291	hoplites	est. 8th cent. BCE; heavily armed infantrymen in greece who wore bronze or leather armor	12
37262292	phalanx	a rectangular formation of greek hoplites	13
37262293	greek colonization	750-500 BCE; islands occupied by greek migrants, colonies were connected by culture and religion;colonies led to increased greek trade and industry	14
37262294	greek tyrants	7-6th cent BCE; rulers with complete control, not necessarily evil	15
37262295	aristocratic oligarchy	a government ruled by a few aristocrats	16
37262296	Sparta	a Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts, rivals of athens	17
37262297	Messenia	7th cent BCE; neighboring city-state enslaved to Sparta as helots	18
37262298	helots	Spartans serfs from Messenia, means "capture"	19
37262299	reforms of Lycurgus	800-600 BCE; law set in Sparta giving militaristic discipline	20
37262300	Spartan women	women with the most freedom in Greece; lived at home, encouraged to exercise to birth strong healthy children	21
37262301	gerousia	Spartan council of elders (over 60 yrs old)	22
37262302	Athens	est. 700 BCE; Greek city-state, was monarchy then aristocracy, had economic turmoil at the end of 7th cent. BCE	23
37262303	Solon	ruled 594 BCE; a pro-reformer; cancelled land debts, outlawed slavery from debt; unsuccessful because of not redistributing land	24
37262304	Pisistratus	ruled 560-510 BCE; an aristocrat, gave land to the poor, aided trade, ended in citizens rebellion	25
37262305	reforms of Cleisthenes	ruled 508 BCE; an Athenian reformer, installed Council of Five Hundred	26
37262306	democracy	emerged 5th cent BCE; athenian way of gov't, "power of the people"	27
37262307	Classical Greece	500- 338 BCE; an era of Greek history, begins with confrontation between greek city-states and the persian empire, ends in conquest of macedonian king philip II	28
37262308	Persian War	490 BCE; Persians seek revenge on Greeks for the Athenian helping Ionian revolt in 499 BCE	29
37262309	Darius	died 486 BCE; emperor of Persian Empire, responsible for a lot of expansion	30
37262310	Marathon	a plain located 26 miles from Athens, or a modern-day 26 mile race	31
37262311	Xerxes	486 BCE; Persian emperor, succeeded Darius, invaded Greece 480-479 BCE	32
37262312	Delian League	est. 478-477; a Greek defensive alliance against the Persians led by Athens, centered in island of Delos	33
37262313	Pericles	461-429 BCE; Athenian aristocratic ruler, advanced Athenian democracy, height of Athens, rebuilt Athens with Delian League money	34
37262314	Peloponnesian War	431-338 BCE; Sparta and allies afraid Athens became to powerful so declare war; weakened the major city-states	35
37262315	Herodotus	484-425 BCE; famous Greek writer, wrote History of the Persian Wars	36
37262316	Thucydides	460-400 BCE; famous Athenian writer, considered the greatest historian of the ancient world	37
37701345	greek tragedy	Greek plays based on the suffering of a hero and usually ending in disaster, sometimes presented in a trilogy (set of 3)	38
37701346	Parthenon	built 447-432 BCE; a temple that is a classical example of greek architecture, located on athenian acropolis	39
37701347	philosophy	"love of wisdom" deals wih critical or rational thought about the universe e	40
37701348	sophists	5th cent BCE; a group of philosophical teachers who rejected "normal philosophy"	41
37701349	Socrates	469-399 BCE; a famous philosopher, believed education improved individuals	42
37701350	Plato	429-347 BCE; great greek philosopher, socrates' disciple, wrote alot	43
37701351	"The Republic"	Plato's dialogue which had his ideas of government	44
37701352	Aristotle	384-322 BCE; Plato's pupil and Alexander the Great's tutor	45
37701353	skepticism	the philosophy of questioning a belief or concept	46
37701354	Olympian religion	12 gods lived on Mount Olympus, each polis singled out which of the Olympian gods they worshipped as the guardian deity	47
37701355	Delphi	The place of the oracle of Apollo, located on Mount Parnassus	48