Asian Transitions in the Age of Global Change (22) Flashcards

18011651	Asian Sea Trade Network	Prior to intervention of the Europeans, this consisted of three zones: The Arab zone which was based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; India based on cotton textiles; and China which was based on paper, porcelain, and silks.	0
18011652	Dutch Trading Empire	This was based on control of fortified towns and factories, warships on patrol, and the monopoly control of a limited number of products, which was particularly spices.	1
18011653	Xavier	A Spanish Jesuit missionary. He worked in India in 1540s among the Hindus' untouchables and lower caste groups. And because of this he made little headway among elites	2
18011654	Zhu Yuanzang	The founder and the first emperor of the Chinese Ming dynasty. He was the leader of an army the re-conquered China and rid it of the Mongols and its predecessor the Mongol Yuan dynasty.	3
18011655	Ming	This dynasty succeeded the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368. It lasted until 1644. It initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asian and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.	4
18011656	Scholar-Gentry Revival	With the removal of the Mongol influences and the Yuan dynasty, the Ming dynasty reestablished the bureaucracy that consisted of a scholar-gentry that passed the civil service exam based of traditional Confucian ideology.	5
18011657	Canton and Macao	Two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty.	6
18011658	Ming Novels	During the Yuan dynasty the genres of drama and novel become increasingly popular and when the Ming succeeded, that perfected it. Novel grew out of storytelling and Buddhist preaching. The three most famous novels are The Monkey King, Tale of the Water Margin, and The Plum in the Golden Vase.	7
18011659	Zheng He	He conducted a series of seven overseas trade expeditions under the third Ming emperor, Yunglo. His expeditions were led by the court eunuch between 1405 and 1433. This was the only Chinese attempt to create worldwide trade empire.	8
18011660	Ricci	This man along with Adam Schall were Jesuit scholars that were in the court of the Ming emperors Both were skilled scientist that corrected calendars, fixed clocks, forged cannons, as well as winning a few converts to Christianity.	9
18011661	Manchus	They were Jurchen people form the region to the northeast of the Chinese Ming empire. They seized power following the collapse of the Ming dynasty. They established the Qing dynasty which was the last of the imperial houses.	10
18011662	Nobunaga	He was a Japanese daimyo. He was the fist to make extensive use of firearms. In 1537 he deposed of the last of the Ashikaga shoguns. He unified much of central Honshu under his command. He was killed in 1582.	11
18011663	Hideyoshi	He was a general under Nobunaga. He succeeded as a leading military power in Central Japan. He continued efforts to break the power of daimyos. He constructed a series of alliances that made him military master of Japan in 1590. He died in 1598.	12
18011664	Ieyasu	He was a vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan. He was granted title of shogun in 1603 and established Tokugawa shogunate. He established political unity in Japan.	13
18011665	Edo	The capital city under Tokugawa.	14
18011666	Deshima	An island port Nagasaki Bay. It was the only port open to non-Japanese after the closure of the islands in the 1640s. But only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter.	15
18011667	School of National Learning	New ideology that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival of indigenous people culture at the expense of Chinese imports such as Confucianism. It was typical of Japan in the 18th century.	16