Christian Societies Emerge in Europe Flashcards

159489976	Charlemagne	king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor	0
159489977	medieval	characteristic of the time of chivalry and knighthood in the Middle Ages	1
159489978	Byzantine Empire	Historians' name for the eastern portion of the Roman Empire from the fourth century onward, taken from 'Byzantion,' an early name for Constantinople, the Byzantine capital city. The empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453. (250)	2
159489979	Kievan Russia	State established at Kiev in Ukraine ca. 879 by Scandinavian adventurers asserting authority over a mostly Slavic farming population. (p. 267)	3
159489980	schism	split	4
159489981	manor	the mansion of the lord of the manor	5
159489982	serf	(Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord	6
159489983	fief	Land owned by a lord given to a vassal in return for a service	7
159489984	vassal	In medieval Europe, a sworn supporter of a king or lord committed to rendering specified military service to that king or lord. (p. 256)	8
159489985	papacy	the government of the Roman Catholic Church	9
159489986	Holy Roman Empire	Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes. It lasted from 962 to 1806.	10
159489987	investiture controversy	Dispute between the popes and the Holy Roman Emperors over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands.	11
159489988	monasticism	Living in a religious community apart from secular society and adhering to a rule stipulating chastity, obedience, and poverty. (Primary Centres of Learning in Medieval Europe) (261)	12
159489989	horse collar	Harnessing method that increased the efficiency of traction.	13
159489990	Crusades	A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.	14
159489991	pilgramage	journey to a holy place	15