Ch 18 key terms Flashcards

58349560	ivan III	also known as ivan the great; prince of duchy of Moscow; claimed descent from Rurik; responsible for freeing Russia from mongols after 1462; took title of tsar or caesar-equivalent of emperor.	0
58349561	boyars	russian aristocrats; possessed less political power than did their counterparts in Western Europe.	1
58349562	Peter I (the great)	son of alexis romanov; ruled from 1689 to 1725; continued growth of absolutism and conquest; included more definite interest in changing selected aspects of economy and culture through imitation of Western European models.	2
58349563	Radishev	a noble; one of the first western inspired radicals; sought absolutism and more political (liberal) rule; writings banned by harassment of Catherine the greats police.	3
58349564	pugachev rebellion	during 1770's in reign of Catherine the Great; led by cosak Emelyan Pugachev, who claimed to be legitimate tsar; eventually crushed; typical of peasant unrest during the 18th century and there after.	4
58349565	old believers	russians who refused to accept the ecclastical reforms of Alexis Romanov (17th century); many exiled to siberia or southern Russia, where they became part of Russian colonization	5
58349566	third rome	russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part on continuity of Orthodox church in RUssia following the fall of constantinople in 1453.	6
58349567	romanov dynasty	dynasty elected in 1612 at the end of the Time of Troubles; ruled russia until 1917	7
58349568	st petersburg	new capital of Russia established during the reign of Peter the Great.	8
58349569	Partition of Poland	three separate divisions of Polish territory among Russia, Prussia, and Austria in 1772, 1793, and 1795; eliminated Poland as independent state; part of expansion of Russian influence in eastern Europe.	9
58349570	cossacks	peasants recruited to migrate to newly seized lands in Russia, particularly in south; combined agriculture with military conquests; spurred additional frontier conquest and settlements.	10
58349571	Ivan IV (the terrible)	confirmed power of transit autocracy by attacks authority of boyars; continued policy of Russian expansion; established contacts with western European commerce and culture	11
58349572	Alexis Romanov	second romanov tsa; abolished assemblies of nobles; gained new powers over Russian Orthodox Church	12
58349573	catherine the great	german born Russian tsarina in the 18th century, ruled after assassination of her husband; gave appearance of enlightened rule; accepted western cultural influence; maintained nobility as service aristocracy by granting them new power over peasantry.	13
58349574	Obrok	labor obligations of Russian peasants to either their aristocratic land lors or to the state; typical of increased labor burdens placed on Russian peasantry during the 18th century	14
58349575	Time of Troubles	followed death of Ivan IV without heir early in the 17th century; boyars attempted to use vacuum of power to reestablish their authority; ended with selection of Michael Romanov as tsar in 1613.	15