Vocab 14 & 16 Flashcards

129005810	Latin West	Historians' name for the territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language for intellectual exchange in the period ca. 1000-1500.	0
129005811	Three- field System	A rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, and one lies fallow.	1
129005812	Water Wheel	A mechanism that harnesses the energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery.	2
129005813	Hanseatic Leauge	German towns assuciation to protect trading interests (dominated Europe for 150+ years)	3
129005814	Guild	Merchants, artisans, or professors, who worked in a particular trade and banded together to promote their economic and political interests.	4
129005815	Gothic Cathedral	Large churches	5
129005816	Renaissance	the revival of learning and culture	6
129005817	Universities	Groups of people devoted to learning	7
129005818	Scholorasticism	A philosophical and theological system devised to roconcile Aristotellian philosophy	8
129005819	Humanists	European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, and moral philosophy), influential in the fifteenth century and later.	9
129005820	Printing Press	A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink.	10
129005821	Great Western Schism	a division in the latin christian church between 1378 and 1417, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon	11
129005822	Hundred Years War	Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.	12
129005823	Reconquest of Iberia	Beginning in the eleventh century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. In 1492 the last Muslim ruler was defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms.	13
129005824	Indulgence	a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin	14
129005825	Protestant Reformation	a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches	15
129005826	Scientific Revolution	associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics	16
129005827	Enlightment	movement that began in Europe in the late 1600s as people began examining the natural world, society, and government; also called the age of reason	17
129005828	Bourgeosie	middle class	18
129005829	Joint-Stock Company	A company made up of a group of shareholders.	19
129005830	Little Ice Age	A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590s.	20
129005831	Deforestation	the removal of trees	21
129005832	Treaty of Versailles	the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans	22
129005833	Balance of Power	an equilibrium of power between nations	23