Chapter 5 Reading Guide Flashcards
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| 49559222 | Axum | kingdom located in Ethiopian highlands; received strong influence from Arabian peninsula; eventually converted to Christianity | 0 | |
| 49559223 | Ethiopia | a Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of Eastern Africa; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa; overthrow Axum; had trade contacts with Mediterranean | 1 | |
| 49559224 | Silk Roads | the most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the European, Indian, and Chinese; transmitted goods and ideas among civilizations | 2 | |
| 49559225 | Shintoism | religion of the early Japanese culture; worshipped numerous gods and spirits associated with the natural world (polytheistic, animistic); offered food and prayers to gods and nature spirits | 3 | |
| 49559226 | Olmec Culture | featured irrigated agriculture, urbanism, elaborate religion; beginnings of calendrical and writing systems | 4 | |
| 49559227 | Maya | extended over broad region; featured monumental architecture, written language, calendrical and mathematical systems; higly developed religion | 5 | |
| 49559228 | Inca | group of clans, centered at Cuzco; empire that incorporated various Andean cultures; careful agriculture; creation of elaborate cities and religious monuments | 6 | |
| 49559229 | Polynesians | people from Polynesia; reached islands such as Fiji and Samoa | 7 | |
| 49811925 | Yellow Turbins | Chinese Daoists who launched a revolt in 184 in China promising a golden age brought about by divine magic | 8 | |
| 49811926 | Rajput | regional princes in India following the collapse of the Empire; emphasized military control of their regions | 9 | |
| 49811927 | Islam | major world religion based on the prophecies of Muhammad; split into 2 groups of believers, Sunni and Shia | 10 | |
| 49811928 | Allah | the supreme God in the monotheistic Islam | 11 | |
| 49811929 | Byzantine Empire | Eastern half of the Roman Empire following the collapse of the West; retained particularly Greek culture; capital at Constantinople; lost Palestine, Syria, and Egypt to Islam | 12 | |
| 49811930 | Justinian | Eastern Roman emperor who tried to restore unity of the old Roman Empire; known for issuing most famous compilation of Roman Law; built the Hagia Sophia | 13 | |
| 49811931 | Augustine | influential church father and theologian; Bishop of Hippo; champion of Christian doctrine against various heresies and very important in the long-term development of Christian thought on such issues as predestination | 14 | |
| 49811932 | Coptic Church | Christian minority; larger church branch from the split of North African Christianity | 15 | |
| 49811933 | Bodhisattvas | Buddhist holy men; built up spiritual merits during their lifetimes; prayers even after death could aid people to achieve reflected holiness | 16 | |
| 49811934 | Mahayana | Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as God or Savior | 17 | |
| 49811935 | Jesus of Nazareth | prophet and teacher among the Jews; believed by Christians to be the Messiah | 18 | |
| 49811936 | Paul | one of the first Christian missionaries; moved away from insistence that adherents of the new religion follow Jewish Law; use of Greek as language of the Church | 19 | |
| 49811937 | Pope | Bishop of Rome; head of the Christian Church in western Europe | 20 | |
| 49811938 | Benedict | founder of monasticism in what had been the western half of the Roman Empire; known for establishing Benedictine Rule; paralleled development of Basil's rules in the Byzantine Empire | 21 |