Ch. 19B Vocab. Flashcards

122499596	Mughal Empire	-Muslim state from 16 to 19 centuries -dominion over most of India (from ganges to indus) -founded by Babur (a descendant of Timur) -example of religious harmony between Muslim and Hindu religions -Economy: British East India Company, land grants, cotton trade, no Jiza -Society: no sati, no child marriage, widow remarriages, 70% Muslim 15% Hindu -Culture: Persian/Turkic/Urdu Language, "Divine Faith" -Tech.: calendar improvements, no navy or merchant marine -Decline: Aurangzeb's death led to economic crisis, Persian and Afghani invaders, Euro intrusion (French= Dupleix), regional officials gain power	0
122499597	Akbar	-Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India -1556-1605 -expanded the empire -pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus	1
122499598	Mansabs	Land revenues granted by Akbar to military officers and government officials. These grants were given on conditions that the grantees would provide Akbar with some service. The governemnt kept careful track of these land grants. Basically: bureaucrats paid land grants	2
122499599	Rajputs	-Members of a mainly Hindu warrior caste from northwest India. The Mughal emperors drew most of their Hindu officials from this caste, and Akbar I married a Rajput princess -Basically: the warrior class of Mughal	3
122499600	Sikhism	Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperor ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, Sikh warriors mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule	4
122499601	Acheh Sultanate	Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main center of Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from Portugal in 1641. (p. 541)	5
122499602	Oman	Arab state based in Musqat, the main port in the southwest region of the Arabian peninsula. Oman succeeded Portugal as a power in the western Indian Ocean in the eighteenth century	6
122499603	Swahili	A Bantu language with arabic words, spoken along the east african coast	7
122499604	Batavia	Fort established in 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta.	8
122499605	Raya	lower class of ottoman empire	9
122499606	Shari'a	body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life	10
122499607	Ulama	the body of mullahs (Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law) who are the interpreters of Islam's sciences and doctrines and laws and the chief guarantors of continuity in the spiritual and intellectual history of the Islamic community	11