AP World History- Unit 6: South and Southeast Asia Flashcards

115828199	Mauryan Empire	321 BCE-185 BCE. After Alexander conquered India. Started in Ganges Valley Region and Magadha in the east, then spread throughout all of current day India and Pakistan	0
115828200	Chandragupta	Creator of Mauryan Empire	1
115828201	Kuatalya	Mauryan Empire. Enforcer of the law book, Arthasahastra	2
115828202	Ashoka	Mauryan Empore. Conquered southern Kalinga, then felt guilty and became Buddhist. Changdragupta's grandson. Built great capital, trade (agriculture), and a central treasury (taxes)	3
115828203	Gupta Empire	1 CE-300 CE. Revival of Mauryan Empire, but much smaller. Started again in Ganges Valley and Mahadha in the east and spread under 3 key leaders: Chandra Gupta, Samadra Gupta, and Chandra Gupta II. Fell to white Huns	4
115828204	Chandra Gupta, Samadra Gupta, and Chandra Gupta II	Not related to Changragupta, of Mauryan Empire. Built elaborate roads connected to Silk Road, developed military tactics, created trade.	5
115828205	Harsha's Kingdom	606-648 CE. Tried to bring back centralized imperial rule. Military included: 20,000 cabalry, 50,000 infantry, and 5,000 war elephants.	6
115828206	Harsha	Scholar, Buddhist, generous to his subjects. Assassinated, and his small empire disintegrated.	7
115828207	Indian Disunity Before 1000 CE	In 550 the Gupta Empire collapsed (last nation). 700's C.E- Muslims started to reach India. 1000 CE- Ready to take it over	8
115828208	Muslim Invasions and Delhi Sultanate	1022- Muslim warlords seized India;s Punjab provincs. 1206- Muslims captured Delhi. 1206-1520's- Muslims established Delhi Sultanate, ruled by Muhammad Ghuri, Then Il Tutmish. Muslims spread Islam, but didn't replace Hinduism and Buddhism. Delhi Sultanate reached its peak under Muhammad Ibn Tughluq (1325-1351). Then south broke up, Timur invaded. Muslim Abbasid Dynasty collapsed in 1528, which led to the independent southern states of India.	9
115828209	Independent Southern States	100 BCE-1900 CE Tamil Kingdoms0 Chola, Pandya, Chera. 1300's breakup of Delhi Sultanate led to more southern states. 1338- Bengal. 1347- Bahmani Kingdom. 1390- Gujarat City. 1336- Vijayanagara empire. Malibar city states formed on Indian Coast	10
115828210	Collapse of Delhi Sultanate	Began to lost territory in 1300's. Ransacked by Timur (Mongol leader) in 1398. Delhi Sultanate steadily weakened during 1400's	11
115828211	Babur the Tiger	Mongol warlord. 1498- Launched full scale invasion of India from the North. With army of 12,000, defeated a force 10 times the size of his own. 1526- After the battle of Panipat, founded his own government (Mughal Empire). 1530- Died	12
115828212	The Mughal Empire	Turkish. Mughal empire continued 200 years after Babur. All Mughal rulers were Muslim.1600's- Lost ground to Europe. 1st capital- Agra (Taj Mahal). 2nd Capital- Delhi. Peacock Thrown. Traded cotton, Hinduism, Buddhism, women aristocrats awarded titles, architecture, painting, poetry, Hindu gods.	13
115828213	Gunpowder Empires	Three great Muslim empires. Mughal, Ottoman, Safavid.	14
115828214	Aurangzed	Akbar's gread grandson. Leader of Mughal Empire. Militant Muslim, forced people to Islam, which weakened economy and let to empire's decline in 1700's	15
115828215	Akbar the Great	1556-1605. Grandson of Babur. Completed conquest of India. Great commander. Heavy artillery. Gov't with tax code, legal system, religious tolerance	16
115828216	Arrival of Europeans	1498- Portuguese trader Vasco de Gama arrived. 1600's- Spanish, Dutch, French, English. 1661- Bombay ceded to English. Dutch established Colombo, Portuguese extablished Calcutta. 1740's- British and French fought to control India. 1750's- English expelled French.	17
115828217	Ghandi	1900's- Became political activist and father of India to fight off British Imperialism. Hind. Hindu, lived meagerly, protested, fasted. Great Salt March, Muslim/ Hindu Riots	18
115828218	Indian Ocean Trade	Trading network tied together East Africa, Arabian peninsula, Persian Guly, India, Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, China, and Japan. Connected Red Sea, Suez Isthmus, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Sea	19
115828219	West of Indian Ocean Trade	Controlled by Arab traders. Ivory, animal hides, timber, gold, slaves	20
115828220	Middle East of Indian Ocean Trade	Textiles, carpets, glass, horses.	21
115828221	India of Indian Ocean Trade	Gems, elephants, salt, cotton	22
115828222	Sri Lanka of Indian Ocean Trade	Cinnamon	23
115828223	China of Indian Ocean Trade	Silk, porcelain, paper	24
115828224	Japan of Indian Ocean Trade	Silver	25
115828225	Major Ports in Indian Ocean	Sofala, Mombasa, Mogadishu	26
115828226	Major Ports in East Africa	Jidda, Mecca, Ormuz	27
115828227	Major Ports in West India	Cambay, Calicut	28
115828228	Major Ports in China	Hangzhou	29
115828229	Geograhpy of Southeast Asia	Three zones- Mainland (Mekong River flows through). Malay Peninsula. Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean and South China Sea (volcanis islands). Climate is tropical, terrain mountainous, rainforests. 3000-2000 BCE- Malays and others arrived from China and Indai. Agriculture practiced by 2000 BCE. Early people were also bronze workers and navigators	30
115828230	Southeast Asian States	Funan (200-500 Malay) Chenla (500 Combodia). Burma (500). Thai (500). Vietnamese shates of Champa and Annam. Influenced by China and India. SE Asian states- Key players in Indian Ocean Trade	31
116606638	Cambodia	Khmer empire (500's-1454 CE). Reached its peak during Angkor period (889-1454). Rulers were aggressive expanding to Burma and Malay. Influenced by India- Hinduism, Buddhism. 21,000 temples	32
116606639	Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat	Capitals of Cambodia built during 1100's.	33
116606640	Sumatra	Srivijayan empire (500's-1100's). Capital was on Indonesian Island, Sumatra. 600's- Gained control of Indonesia and Malay trade routes. Influenced by India- Hinduism, Buddhism, Borobudor temple. Tamil Kingdoms attacked in 1000's, led to decline. Kertanagara empire took over in 1200's.	34
116606641	Polynesia	2500 BCE-900 CE, left Philippines and Indonesia and settled throughout thousands of Pacific Islands (Oceania). Root farmers, taro, sweet potatoes. Raised pigs, chickens. Fishers, tribes with chiefs, taboo sailors.	35
116606642	Polynesian Waves of Migration	Mirconesia- Melanesia- New Guinea- Australia- Fiji-Polynesia- Hawaii- Easter Island Society	36
116606643	Colonialism Definition	The establishment, maintenance, acquisition, and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. A process whereby soverignty over the colony is claimed by the metropolitan center and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by colonists.	37
116606644	Colonialism	A set of unequal relationships between the colonists and the colony.	38
116606645	The term Colonialism usually refers to...	A period of history from the late 15th to 20th century, when European nation states established colonies on other continents.	39
116606646	Factors of Colonialism Justification	Profits to be made, expansion of power of the metropolitan center and various religious and political beliefs.	40
116606647	Colonialism and imperialism were ideologically linked with...	Mercantilism	41
116606648	Imperialism Definition	The creation and maintenance of an unequal economic, cultural and territorial relationship, usually between states and often in the form of an empire, based on domination and subordination	42
116606649	Imperialism of the last 500 years	Described as a primarily western undertaking that employs "Expansionist-mercantilism and latterly communist- systems"	43
116606650	Imperialized Geographical Domains	Mongolian Empire, Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire, Holy Roman Empire, Portuguese Empire, Spanish Empire, Dutch Empire, Persian Empire, French Empire, Russian Empire, Chinese Empire, British Empire.	44
116606651	The term Imperialism can be applied to...	Domains of knowledge, beliegs, values, and expertise, such as the empires of Christianity and Islam	45
116606652	Imperialism is...	Usually autocratic, and sometimes monolothic	46