Ap World History Ch. 16 Flashcards

111453086	Columbus, Christopher	Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to new World and returned in 1492; initialed European discoveries in Americas	0
111453087	Cape Colony	Dutch colony established at Cape off Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1880 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus	1
111453088	Calcutta	Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captures in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War, later became administrative center for all of Bengal	2
111453089	Dutch East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed	3
111453090	Cape of Good Hope	Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India.	4
111453091	Seven Years War	Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America	5
111453092	World Economy	Established by Europeans by the 16th century; based on control of seas, including the Atlantic and Pacific; created international exchange of foods, diseases, and manufactures products	6
111453093	Treaty of Paris	Arranged in 1863 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar island in Caribbean	7
111453094	Core nations	Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping, exported manufactured goods for war materials.	8
111453095	Mercantilism	Economic theory that stressed governments promotion of limitation of imports form other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe	9
111453096	Balboa, Vasco de	First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains.	10
111453097	Lepanto	Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman Empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 1571	11
111453098	Mestizos	people of mixed European and Indian ancestry in Mesoamerica and south America; particularly prevalent in areas colonized by Spain; often part of forced labor system	12
111453099	Pizarro, Francisco	Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1540, most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish.	13
111453100	Boers	Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa.	14
111453101	New France	French colonies in north America; extended from St. lawrence River along Great Lakes and down Mississippi River valley system.	15
111453102	British East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	16
111453103	Magellan, Ferdinand	Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Philippines	17