Chapter 8 Unit III Flashcards

106464274	Arabian Peninsula	Famous for poetry and story telling -no river or lakes	0
106464275	Oasis	Underground water systems -helps to shape the culture	1
106464276	Bedouins	Pastorlists who created their own tribes/clans CLANS FOLOW THE RELIGION BASED ON THE LEADER.	2
106464277	Mecca	Pilgrimage center of the Kaaba and made its income off of tourists.	3
106464278	Kaaba	Most prominant pilgrimage site. -cubical shrine	4
106464279	Jinns and Shaitans	Arabs believed in these desert spirits THIS IS WHY PEEPS BELIEVED MUHAMMADs calling	5
106464280	Muhammad	Caravan merchant convinced there was a god ALLAH	6
106464281	ISLAM	Monotheistic religion -Religion would have died in mecca if they did not move to medina	7
106464282	The Structure of Islam	Islam became popular because of it's SIMPLICITY (Compared to Christianity and Judiasm)	8
106464283	Why was mecca opposed to Islam?	Because it was monotheistic when everyone there were polytheistic believers (kaaba)	9
106464284	What does the word "Muslim" Literally mean?	It means "one who submits to Allah"	10
106464285	Umma	The community of all believers -women were respected -a community defined solely by acceptance of Islam	11
106464286	Qu'ran	A the holy book composed of Muhammad's revelations. -"Words of God" -Final form was in 650	12
106464287	Five Pillars	-Public profession of Faith-public submission to allah -Prayer-5 times a day facing mecca, wash all visible parts of the body -Tithing of Charity-Giving ten percent -Fasting-Ramadan- fasting from sunrise to sunset -Pilgrimage to Haj-Making a trip to mecca at least once in a lifetime	13
106464288	Medina Society	In 622-sent representatives to mecca to meet with muhammad -place where muhammad came to mediate problems -Momentious moment in Islam history	14
106464289	what did moving to medina do?	Beginning of the Islamic calendar.	15
106464290	How it differs from Jud or Christianity	All power is in the hands of Muhammad -Jud and Chris were minor religions -NO PROFESSIONAL CLERGY- no priest etc	16
106464291	Shari'a	legal code -concerned with behavior rather than doctrine	17
106464292	Caliph	Leader of an Islamic Community -Located outside of Arabia	18
106464293	Office of the Caliph	Was more secular than religious	19
106464294	"People of Tradition	Muslims who supported the first three caliphs	20
106464295	Caliphate	Built on the conquests the arabs carried out after muhammad's death	21
106464296	Conquests	Men of political and economic sophistication guided the conquests -no evidence of spreading ISLAM -little material incentive	22
106464297	Mamluks	Turkish slaves purchased from central asia by caliphs -took in on themselves to seat and unseat caliphs	23
106464298	Kingdom of Ghana	Earliest known sub-saharan beneficiancy of the new exchange system "Land of gold" -First land outside caliphate to experience a gradual and peaceful conversion to Islam	24
106464299	Fatimids	Ruled from complex called Cairo -conquered egypt	25
106464300	Crusades	Little impact on Islamic lands POLITICAL NOT RELIGIOUS	26
106464301	FALL OF CALIPHS	Mongols invaded leaving few ethnic traces and WAR	27
106464302	Islam Women	Seldom traveled -Urban women lived in seclusion and did not leave the house before covering themselves -Islamic law granted greatest status than Christian or Jewish law	28
106464303	Islam Slaves	only slave women could perform as musicians or dancers	29
106464304	Schism	Division of Islam	30
106464305	Sunni	Believe that "We are a community" -religious authority comes from the community	31
106464306	Ulama	Sunni religious scholars	32
106464307	Shi'a	Believe that they caliph should be a blood line connection to muhammad -only the Imans can explain the true meaning of the koran	33
106464308	Imam	Religious leaders from the Shi'a	34
106464309	Sufi's	Represents Islam's Mystical side. -Wanting a direct and personal exp with allah -used to meditate to commute with allah -ESCAPING FROM PHYSICAL SELF	35