Chapter 25 Flashcards

97832577	Taino	A Caribbean tribe who were the first indigenous peoples from the Americas to come into contact with Christopher Columbus.	0
97832578	Encomienda	system that gave the Spanish settlers (encomenderos) the right to compel the indigenous peoples of the Americas to work in the mines or fields.	1
97832579	Repartimiento	The Repartimiento de Labor was a colonial forced labor system imposed upon the indigenous population of Spanish America and the Philippines: like the encomienda.	2
97832580	Conquistadors	adventurers such as Cortés and Pizarro who conquered Central and South America in the sixteenth century.	3
97832581	Hernan Cortes	Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547).	4
97832582	Francisco Pizarro	Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541).	5
97832583	audiencias	Spanish courts in Latin America.	6
97832584	Cabeza de Vaca	Spanish nobleman who joined an expedition of some three hundred explorers who went from Hispaniola to investigate Florida in 1527.	7
97832585	mestizo	Latin American term for children of Spanish and native parentage.	8
97832586	zambos	Latin American term for individuals born of indigenous and African parents.	9
97832587	mulattoes	an offspring of European and African parentage.	10
97832588	peninsulares	Latin American officials from Spain or Portugal.	11
97832589	criollos (creoles)	people born in the Americas of Spanish or Portuguese ancestry.	12
97832590	metis	Canadian term for individuals of mixed European and indigenous ancestry.	13
97832591	mita system	Spanish authorities annually required each native village to send one-seventh of its male population to work for four months in the mines at Potosí. (like Incas)	14
97832592	quinto	The one-fifth of Mexican and Peruvian silver production that was reserved for the Spanish monarchy.	15
97832593	engenho	Brazilian sugar mill; the term also came to symbolize the entire complex world relating to the production of sugar.	16
97832594	Virgin of Guadalupe	a distinctly Mexican faith and promise of salvation; symbol of Catholic Virgin of Mary in Mexico.	17
97832595	terra australis incognita	"unknown southern land" that European geographers thought must exist in the world's southern hemisphere to balance the huge landmasses north of the equator.	18