Figures of the Enlightenment Flashcards

110185175	Hobbes	Leviathan; believed the power of the state must be absolute	110185175
110185176	Locke	Two Treaties of Government; introduced government's role was to protect the "natural rights" of the citizens "life, liberty, and property"	110185176
110185177	Montesquieu	Spirit of the Laws	110185177
110185178	Voltaire	tolerance "I do not agree with a word you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."	110185178
110185179	Diderot	Encyclopedia	110185179
110185180	Rousseau	argued that a social contract between the citizen and the government was a necessary evil; believed the government should reflect the "general will" of the people	110185180
110185181	Beccaria	Essay on Crimes and Punishments; purpose of punishment should be to prevent future crime, justice must be swift to be effective and certain rather than severe	110185181
110185182	Wollstonecraft	A Vindication of the Rights of Women; called for education for girls and the ability for women to control their own destiny	110185182
110185183	Quesnay	one of a group of French economists called the Physiocrats who originated the concept of laissez-faire	110185183
110185184	Smith	Wealth of Nations, argued government should not become involved in economic decisions, the economy should be controlled by the natural laws of economics (supply and demand, competition)	110185184