Chapter 12 : Tang and Song Era Flashcards

101097052	the situation at the end of the Qin-Han period...?	Non-Chinese nomads ruled much of China and a foreign religion, Buddhism, eclipsed Confucian teachings.	0
101097053	The dynasty that ended the period of political chaos after the fall of the Qin-Han was the	Sui	1
101097054	What was it like after the Han dynasty collapsed?	thought degenerated into the quest for magical cures, no new technology, trade and city life declined, nomadic raids	2
101097055	What made possible the rapid revival of empire under the Tang?	the preservation in the many kingdoms of the Confucian traditions that had been central to Chinese civilization	3
101097056	The man responsible for the creation of the Sui dynasty was	Wendi	4
101097057	What was the primary reform enacted during the reign of the first Sui emperor?	the creation of granaries to relieve the threat of famine	5
101097058	What led to the downfall of the Sui dynasty?	excessive expenses associated with grandiose building projects and military campaigns	6
101097059	What ministry of the central imperial government was responsible for the administration of the examination system?	Rites	7
101097060	entry into the Chinese bureaucracy...?	Although a higher percentage of candidates received office through the examination system than during the Han dynasty, birth continued to be important in securing high office.	8
101097061	What Tang ruler actually attempted to have Buddhism recognized as a state religion?	Empress Wu	9
101097062	What proved to be the most damaging attack on Buddhism's popularity with the people during the early Tang dynasty?	the Confucians' successful campaign to convince the emperor that the Buddhist monastic establishment represented an economic threat	10
101097063	What was the impact on Confucianism of the Tang repression of the Buddhists?	Confucianism emerged as the central ideology of Chinese civilization until the twentieth century.	11
101097064	What accounts for the relative weakness of the Song empire?	The military was subordinated to the civilian administrators of the scholar-gentry, leaving the dynasty vulnerable to nomadic dynasties on the frontier.	12
101097065	Why was the construction of the Grand Canal necessary?	The Yangtze River valley was becoming the major food-producing region of China by the late Tang era.	13
101097066	developments during the period of commercial expansion during the Tang and Song dynasties?	large markets, better commercial organization, more trade, more technology	14
101097067	intellectual schools was responsible for the production of most literary and artistic works during the Tang-Song era?	Confucian	15
101097068	What was the primary difference between marriages of the upper and lower classes in Tang-Song China?	Households of the lower classed tended not to be patriarchal.	16
101097069	What artisan was responsible for the development of movable type?	Li Bo	17
101097070	During the political crisis following the fall of the Han, the Great Wall	became ineffective as a barrier to invasion, because it was held by many small kingdoms.	18
101097071	The support of which of the following groups was most critical to the reunification of China under the Sui?	the nomadic warrior elite	19
101097072	Under the first Sui emperor...?	ever-ready granaries were created to relieve the threat of famine.	20
101097073	Excessive military expenses and grandiose building projects led to	the downfall of the second Sui emperor and the collapse of the dynasty.	21
101097074	Li Yuan was....?	the Duke of Tang, founder of the new dynasty.	22
101097075	What was the attitude of the Tang emperors toward the Confucian scholar-gentry?	The Tang supported the resuscitation of the Confucian scholar-gentry, often at the expense of the aristocracy.	23
101097076	What was the title reserved for those who passed the most difficult exams on all of Chinese literature?	jinshi	24
101097077	Pure Land Buddhism...?	stressed salvation	25
101097078	As a result of imperial suppression,	Buddhism survived in a reduced state without much political influence.	26
101097079	Yang Guifei was	an imperial concubine who exerted great influence on a Tang emperor and introduced many of her relatives into the imperial government.	27
101097080	What accounts for the relative weakness of the Song empire?	The military was subordinated to the civilian administrators of the scholar-gentry, leaving the dynasty vulnerable to nomadic dynasties on the frontier.	28
101097081	Under the Song emperors, the scholar-gentry	continued its ascent over its aristocratic and Buddhist rivals	29
101097082	Zhu Xi was...?	the most prominent of the neo-Confucians during the Song era.	30
101097083	The growing influence of neo-Confucianism in China during the Tang-Song era	led to reinforcement of class, age, and gender distinctions.	31
101097084	What Song prime minister in the 1070s and 1080s attempted to introduce reforms based on the Legalist school of Confucianism?	Wang Anshi	32
101097085	What invading group caused the flight of the Song from northern China?	Jurchens	33
101195016	Period of political division that followed the Qin-Han Era?	Era of Division	34
101195017	The second Sui emperor favored what?	Confucian scholar gentry	35
101195018	Elite china were attracted to what kind of Buddhism?	Chan	36
101195019	What dynasty's unity could not be restored?	Liao	37
123059871	How does foot binding diminished the independence of Chinese women?	foot binding sufficiently crippled women to effectively confine their mobility to the household	38
123059872	During the song dynasty the interest of Confucian intellectuals in nature was most apparent in their production of what?	landscape paintings	39
123059873	Song compared to Tang?	Song empire was smaller in territorial extent than tang empire	40
123059874	Urbanization of China during the Tang Song era?	chinese urbanization mushroomed during the tang song era with a higher proportion of the population living in cities than that found in any other civilization	41
123059875	Extent of tang empire?	Tang built an empire far larger than that of the early han, an empire whose boundaries in many directions extended beyond borders to modern china	42
123059876	Status of women in Tang Song era?	assertion of male dominance within the family and beyond was especially pronounced in the thinking of the neo-confucian philosophers	43