AP World History Islam Flashcards

248496423	The Hajj	The holy pilgrimage to Mecca	0
248496424	Islam	"Submission", signifies the obedience to the rule and will of Allah	1
248496425	Muslim	"One who has submitted."	2
248496426	Muhammad	Born into family of merchants, married Khadija, believed that there was only one god Allah, Gabriel brought him the messages, he was Allah's last prophet, his revelations were preserved in the Quran, left Mecca for Medina (Yathrib), later traveled back to Mecca (hajj). The seal of prophets.	3
248496427	Umma	Community of the faithful. Muhammad organized his followers into an umma.	4
248496428	Five Pillars of Islam	Allah as only god. Pray to Allah daily while facing Mecca. Observe a fast during Ramadan. Give to the needy. Undertake the hajj.	5
248496429	Jihad	Struggle. Imposes spiritual and moral obligations on Muslims by requiring them to combat vice and evil. Also physical struggle.	6
248496430	The Sharia Law	Provided guidance. Inspiration from Quran. Developed a way of life.	7
248496431	Caliph	Leader with religious and political power. THe highest person possible. Deputy. Abu Bakr was the first after Muhammad's death.	8
248496432	The Shia (Shiites)	Tried to return the caliphate to the line of Ali.	9
248496433	Sunnis	Traditionalists. Accepted the ligitimacy of the early caliphs.	10
248496434	Umayyads	Capital at Damascus.	11
248496435	Abbasid Dynasty	Abbu al Abbas. Focused on administration. Not a conquering dynasty.	12
248496436	Sakk	Letters of credit.	13
248496437	Sufi	Sought a mystical, ecstatic union with Allah. Passionate singing, spirited dancing.	14
248496438	Persian Influence	Administrative techniques. Literary works (most important)	15
248496439	Indian Influences	Math, science, and medicine.	16
248496440	Greek influences	Philosophical, scientific, and medical writing. Plato and Aristotle.	17
248496441	Ibn Rushd	relied on natural reason. Human logic.	18