ap world chapter 3 india Flashcards

242471004	Aryans	indo-european nomadic pastoralists who replaced harappan civilization	0
242471005	kamasutra	written by vatsayans during gupta era offered instructions on all aspects of lie for higher caste males including grooming hygiene etiquette of wives and instruction on love making	1
242471006	Mauryas	dynasty in indian subcontinent in 4th century BCE following invasion by alexander the great	2
242471007	reincarnation	the successive attachment of the soul to some animate form according to merits earned in previous lives	3
242471008	Dharma	the caste position and career determined by a persons birth Hindu culture required that one accept ones social position and perform occupation to have a better situation in the next life	4
242708872	shiva	hindu god of destruction and reproduction worshiped as the personification of cosmic forces of change	5
242708873	Ashoka	grandson of Chandragupta Maurya completed conquests of indian subcontinent converted to Buddhism and sponsored spread of new religion throughout this empire	6
242708874	untouchables	outcaste in Hindu society performed tasks that were considered polluting street sweeping removal of human waste and tanning	7
242708875	guptas	Dynasty that succeed the Kushans in the 3rd century CE built empire that extended to all but southern regions of Indian subcontinent less centralized than mauryan empire	8
242708876	karma	the sum if merits accumulated by a soul at any given point in time determined that caste to which the soul would be assigned in the next life	9
242708877	indus river valley	river sources in himalayas to mouth in arabian sea location harappan civilization	10
242708878	upanishads	later books of the vedas contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas utilized by brahmans to restore religious authority	11
242708879	varnas	clusters of caste groups in Aryan society four social castes Brahmans warriors merchants and peasants beneath four Aryan casts were a group of socially untouchable dasas	12
242708880	gurus	originally referred to as Brahmans who served as teachers for princes of the imperial court if the Guptas	13
242708881	sanskrit	the sacred and classical indian language first literary language	14
242708882	Indra	cheif of the Aryans depicted as a colassal hard drinking warrior	15
242708883	Kautilya	Political advisor to Chandragupta Maurya one of the authors of arthashastra believed	16
242708884	caste system	rigid system of social classification first introduced unto Indian subcontinent by Aryans	17
242708885	Skanda Gupta	last of the able rulers of the Gupta dynasty following his high reign the empire dissolved under the pressure of nomadic invasions	18
242708886	Buddha	creator of major indain Asian religion born in 6th century bce as son if a local ruler among aryan tribes located near humalayas became an ascetic taught enlightenment could only be achieved by abandoning all desires and wants	19
242708887	vishnu	the brahman later hindu god of sacrifice widely worshiped	20
242708888	Mahabharata	indian epic of war princely honor love and social duty written down in the last centuries bce previously handed down in oral form	21
242708889	nirvana	the Buddhist state of enlightenment a state of tranquility	22
242708890	stupas	stone shrines built to house pieces of bone or hair and personal possessions said to be relics of the Buddha preserved Buddhist architectural forms	23
242708891	harappa	along with mohenjo daro major urban complex of the harappan civilization laid out on planned grid pattern	24
242708892	monsoons	seasonal winds crossing Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia during summer bring rains	25
242708893	Chandragupta Maurya	founder of Mauryan dynasty established first empire in indian subcontinent first centralized government since Harappan civilization	26
242708894	vedas	aryan Hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century BCE	27