Chapter 8 : African Civilizations and Islamic Spread Flashcards

101004178	Between 800 and 1500, as the frequency and intensity of contact with the outside world increased, what was the most significant impact on sub-Saharan Africa?	The arrival of Islam	0
101004179	-What is true concerning the universality of religion in Africa	There was no universal religion in Africa, but both Christianity and Islam found adherents.	1
101004180	***What are stateless societies in Africa?	organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority.	2
101004181	-What was the function of secret societies in African culture?	Because their membership cut across lineage divisions, they acted to maintain stability within the community and diminish clan feuds.	3
101004182	***The grassland belt at the southern edge of the Sahara that served as a point of exchange between the forests of the south and North Africa was called the	Sahel	4
101004183	-What kingdom arose in the Sudan following the decline of Ghana in 1076?	Mali	5
101004184	-What was the geographical location of the empire of Mali?	Between Niger and Senegal Rivers	6
101004185	-Which of the following monarchs was referred to as Mali's "Lion Prince?"	Sundiata	7
101004186	-Juula were...?	African traders associated with the Mali Empire.	8
101004187	What was one of the major "port" cities of the Mali Empire?	Timbuktu	9
101004188	-Specialists who mastered the oral traditions of the Malinke and by knowing the past were considered excellent advisors to the kings were called	Griots	10
101004189	-Sunni Ali was responsible for the creation of what African Empire?	Songhay	11
101004190	***What accounted for the downfall of Songhay?	invasion by a Moroccan Muslim army equipped with firearms	12
101004191	-How did contact with the Muslim world affect the African slave trade?	With the Muslim conquests of North Africa and commercial penetration to the south, slavery became a more widely diffused phenomenon and the slave trade developed rapidly.	13
101004192	-Zenj was the Arabic term for	the East African coast.	14
101004193	-What was typical of the African societies not affected by either Islam or Christianity?	Lack of writing system	15
101004194	-Which of the following regions was typified by city-state organization?	Yoruba	16
101014366	Social organization of Mali?	three groups off free people, religious people, and tradesmen	17
101014367	***What african region converted first?	North Africa	18
101014368	***Sudanic states of Mali and Songhay?	terribrial cores of some ethnicity, power extended	19
101014369	To what extent did Islam penetrate East Africa?	Outside clans converted for trade	20
101014370	***Differnce between Africa and other societies?	built less clear on prior descent	21
101014371	***Who did not migrate to East Africa?	Berber people	22
101014372	***Impact of Africa on Sub-Saharan Africa?	Africa never totally isolated from Mediterranean	23
101014373	***Great Zimbabwe was NOT...?	Constructed by Arabs who traded with Bantu	24
101014374	Political form of Congo?	Construction of small states under the king	25
101014375	***Political form of Karoba?	small city states	26
101014376	Common cultural traits of parts of East Africa?	Bantu and Arabic	27
101014377	Where was Islam most profound?	Sudan and Swahili Coast	28
101014378	Urbanization of Mali?	Niger River (Timbuktu) that flourished commercially and culturally	29
101014379	Problem with African Trade?	Exchange raw for manufactured products and did not develope technology	30
101014380	***What does "Equality before God" mean?	emphasis on equality, acceptence of social stratification	31
101014381	***How did Islam expansion aid in trade creation is SouthEast	Islam expanded to India and Southeast Asia provided religious trust bond between regions and converted city rulers	32
101014382	***What part of empire was Songhay first part of?	Mali	33
101014383	***Agriculture in Mali?	Difficulties of soil, dought, no technology, farmers could barely provide food	34
101014384	***African economy was NOT...?	region lacked Market economy and agricltural unitys	35
101014385	What was true about the African economy?	settled agriculture and iron working by post classical trade, trade handled by professionals in kinds, North Africa involved in Mediterranean and Arabic world	36
101014386	-Which of the following statements concerning political and religious universality in Africa is most accurate?	Neither universal states nor universal religion characterized Africa, but both Christianity and Islam did find adherents in Africa.	37
101014387	-Which of the following statements best describes the indigenous religion of much of sub-Saharan Africa?	Animistic religion ¹ belief in the power of natural forces personified as deities ¹ characterized much of Africa.	38
101014388	-Which of the following was NOT a belief shared by practitioners of many indigenous African religions?	the basic tenets of Coptic Christianity	39
101014389	-What was the most important Christian kingdom in Africa?	Ethiopia	40
101014390	-was the social and political function of the griots?	Griots mastered the oral traditions of the Malinke and by knowing the past were considered excellent advisors of kings.	41
101014391	-Why was Islam so readily adopted by rulers within the Sudan?	The Muslim concept of a ruler who united civil and religious authority reinforced traditional ideas of kingship.	42
101014392	-How did contact with the Muslim world affect the African slave trade?	With the Muslim conquests of North Africa and commercial penetration to the south, slavery became a more widely diffused phenomenon and the slave trade developed rapidly.	43
101014393	-was the institution of slavery viewed in Muslim society?	In theory slavery was seen as a stage in the process of conversion of pagans to Islam.	44
101014394	-What was the common cultural trait of the urbanized trading ports of the East African coast?	Bantu-based and Arabic-influenced Swahili language	45
122881062	***Social organization of Malinke people?	two sorts of people, those who were free and those who were slaves	46