The Earth and its Peoples: Chapter 9 Flashcards
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| 240846247 | Charlemagne | First emperor in western Europe in three hundred years | 1 | |
| 240846248 | medieval | Decline of urban life in later days of Roman Empire | 2 | |
| 240846249 | Byzantine Empire | Eastern portion of the Roman Empire | 3 | |
| 240846250 | Kievan Russia | State established at Kiev in Ukraine | 4 | |
| 240846251 | schism | Formal split in the religious community | 5 | |
| 240846252 | manor | Self-sufficient farming estates giving people physical and political protection | 6 | |
| 240846253 | serf | Agricultural workers on the manor | 7 | |
| 240846254 | fief | land granted for military service | 8 | |
| 240846255 | vassal | noble follower to the king | 9 | |
| 240846256 | papacy | central administration of the roman Catholic Church | 10 | |
| 240846257 | Holy Roman Empire | Loose confederation of German princes who was headed by an emporer | 11 | |
| 240846258 | investiture controversy | conflict between the Holy Roman Empire and the popes over authority over the bishops | 12 | |
| 240846259 | monasticism | living in a religious community away from society | 13 | |
| 240846260 | horse collar | moves point of traction from a horse's throat to its shoulders | 14 | |
| 240846261 | Crusades | Christian campaigns against Muslims | 15 | |
| 240846262 | pilgrimages | journey to a sacred shrine of the christians | 16 |