Foundations 800BCE-600CE Flashcards
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| 96372629 | slash and burn agriculture | slashing of bark and burning trees to ground | 0 | |
| 96372630 | pastoral nomadism | pastoral nomads depended on their herd for survival and traveled to find grassland or steppe land required for their herds to graze | 1 | |
| 96372631 | steppe | tall feathery grass that grew in areas where there wasn't enough rainfall, something ideal for animal grazing | 2 | |
| 96372632 | marketplace | center of political, military, and economic control in first cities | 3 | |
| 96372633 | fertile crescent | in mesopotamia and helped to encourage the earliest farming communities | 4 | |
| 96372634 | free commoners | peasants , builders, craftsmen, professionals (scribes) in Sumer | 5 | |
| 96372635 | dependent clients | subgroup of commoners, owned no property, and worked only on the estates of others | 6 | |
| 96372636 | sovereign city | takes own laws and isn't ruled by anyone else | 7 | |
| 96372637 | urban | city | 8 | |
| 96372638 | rural | country | 9 | |
| 96372639 | Vedas | hymns, songs, prayers, and rituals left from Aryans (currently would be Indians) that reveal a patriarchal, heirarchal society | 10 | |
| 96372640 | loess | yellow-brown soil that caused the Yellow River to appear yellow | 11 | |
| 96372641 | oracle bones | questions about and predictions of the future written on bones as record | 12 | |
| 96372642 | veneration of ancestors | if everyone honored their responsibilities tward the family, society would function smoothly | 13 | |
| 96694676 | Axial Age | represents the core ideas around which a society revolves. 600 BCE | 14 | |
| 96694677 | dharma | duty to perform in life. if people followed their dharma the would works smoothly. dharma is determined by birth and one's stage in life | 15 | |
| 96694678 | karma | the result of dharma. if one follows his dharma, he will get good karma | 16 | |
| 96694679 | samsara | attained by good karma that allows someone to move into this level in the next life | 17 | |
| 96694680 | reincarnated | rebirth after death (samsara) | 18 | |
| 96694681 | moksha | ending cycle of rebirth and becoming one with the universe | 19 | |
| 96694682 | ashoka | mauryan emperor encouraging spread of Buddhism. | 20 | |
| 96694683 | Era of Warring States | 7th Centure BCE to 221 constant fighting and disorder because of no strong central govt. control. During this time Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism (philosiphies that attempted to restore order) emerged. | 21 | |
| 96694684 | ren | confucian concept (appropriate feeling) | 22 | |
| 96694685 | li | confucian concept (appropriate actions) | 23 | |
| 96694686 | filial piety | respect for one's parents | 24 | |
| 96694687 | 5 key relationships of Confucianism | 1. Ruler to subject 2. Father to son 3. Husband to wife 4 Older bro, to younger bro 5. Friend to friend | 25 | |
| 96694688 | Tao te Ching/ Dao te Ching | collection of Daoist wisdom thought to have been there before the founder Laozi | 26 | |
| 96694689 | Exodus | moses exits along with hebrews followers out of egypt | 27 | |
| 96694690 | Kingdom of God | message from Jesus which alarmed authorietes and got him executed to stop potential rebellion in Rome | 28 | |
| 96694691 | Edict of Milan | made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire (issued by Constantine) Emperor Theodosius made it the official religion of Roman Empire | 29 | |
| 96694692 | Nestorian Christianity | form of Christianity created by SW Asian Christians spread to India, Central Asia, and China by Silk Roads | 30 | |
| 96694693 | polis | city state in Greece | 31 | |
| 96694694 | Delian League | alliance of Greeks against Persians | 32 | |
| 96694695 | Pelopennesian War (431-404 BCE) | Sparta and Athens each led 2 conflicting camps, and though Sparta was victorious, internal conflict weekened Greece and left it vulnerable to domination by a stronger power | 33 |