Ap World History Ch. 31 Terms Flashcards

Ap world history chapter 31 terms.

62159470	Cold War	The state of relations between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies between the end of World War II to 1990; based on creation of political spheres of influence and a nuclear arms race rather than actual warfare.	0
62159471	Eastern bloc	Nations favorable to the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe during the cold war-particularly Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Rumania, Hungary, and East Germany	1
62159472	Harry Truman	American president from 1945 to 1952; less eager for smooth relations with the Soviet Union than Franklin Roosevelt; authorized use of atomic bomb during World War II; architect of American diplomacy that initiated the cold war.	2
62159473	Iron Curtain	Phrase coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division between free and communist societies taking shape in Europe after 1946.	3
62159474	Marshall Plan	Program of substantial loans initiated by the United States in 1947; designed to aid Western nations in rebuilding from the war's devastation; vehicle for American economic dominance.	4
62159475	North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)	Created in 1949 under United States leadership to group most of the Western European powers plus Canada in a defensive alliance against possible Soviet aggression.	5
62159476	Warsaw Pact	Alliance organized by Soviet Union with its eastern European satellites to balance formation of NATO by Western powers in 1949.	6
62159477	Welfare state	New activism of the West European state in economic policy and welfare issues after World War II; introduced programs to reduce the impact of economic inequality; typically included medical programs and economic planning	7
62159478	Technocrat	New type of bureaucrat; intensely trained in engineering or economics and devoted to the power of national planning; came to fore in offices of governments following World War II.	8
62159479	Green Movement	Political parties, especially in Europe, focusing on environmental issues and control over economic growth	9
62159480	European Union	Beganas European Economic Community (or Common Market), an alliance of Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, to create a single economic entity across national boundaries in 1958; later joined by Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Austria, Finland, and other nations for further European economic integration.	10
62159481	New Feminism	New wave of women's rights agitation dating from 1949; emphasized more literal equality that would play down domestic roles and qualities for women; promoted specific reforms and redefinition of what it meant to be female.	11
62159482	Berlin Wall	Built in 1961 to halt the flow of immigration from East Berlin to West Berlin; immigration was in response to lack of consumer goods and close Soviet control of economy and politics. Wall was torn down at end of Cold War in 1991.	12
62159483	Solidarity	Polish labor movement formed in 1970s under Lech Walesa; challenged USSR-dominated government of Poland.	13
62159484	Alexander Solzhenitsyn	Russian author critical of the Soviet regime; published trilogy on the Siberian prison camps, The Gulag Archipelago.	14
62159485	Nikita Khrushchev	Stalin's successor as head of USSR; attacked Stalinism in 1956 for concentration of power and arbitrary dictatorship; failure of Siberian development program and antagonism of Stalinists led to downfall.	15