Mr. Treat's AP World History Vocab Unit 2 Flashcards

62040380	Sui Dynasty	The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China	0
62040381	Tang Dynasty	considered the golden age of Chinese civilization and ruled for nearly 300 years; China grew under the dynasty to include much of eastern Asia, as well as large parts of Central Asia	1
62040382	Grand Canal	The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire.	2
62040383	Celts	Peoples sharing a common language and culture that originated in Central Europe in the first half of the first millennium B.C.E.. After 500 B.C.E. they spread as far as Anatolia in the east, Spain and the British Isles in the west, onquered by Romans (90)	3
62040384	Justinian I	(483-565) Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565; he reunited the parts of the Roman Empire, simplified roman laws with Justinian's Code, and built the Haiga Sophia; his reign was a turning point for Christianity: paganism finally lost. He tried to restore territories to the Western Roman Empire but ultimately failed.	4
62040385	Justinian Code	The body of Roman law collected by order of the Byzantine emperor, Justinian around A.D. 534.	5
62040386	Iconoclasm	a challenge to or overturning of traditional beliefs, customs, and values, any movement against the religious use of images	6
62040387	Orthodoxy	state of following established teachings especially in religion	7
62040388	Carolingians	the family that ruled the Franks in Gaul from 751 to 987 in the Carolingian Dynasty. This began when Pepin was declared king. They lost power after the Treaty of Verdun.	8
62040389	Charlemagne	was a famous military leader, improved life, established order, supported edcuation and culture, joined by pope and church, eventually became emperor, the most important ruler of the Franks who ruled for 40 yeas from 768 to 814. (French for Charles the Great). United all Christianity, was illiterate, but promoted literacy, and in 800 was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope	9
62040390	Carolingian Renaissance	period of intellectual, cultural, and economic revival occurring in the late eighth and ninth centuries, with the peak of the activities occurring during the reigns of both Charlemagne and Louis the Pious.	10
62040391	Quran	the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina	11
62040392	Mecca	City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.	12
62040393	Ka'aba	(Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine	13
62040394	Hajj	pilgrimage to Mecca; one of the Five Pillars of Islam	14
62040395	jihad	a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal, Islamic holy war	15
62040396	Dar al-Islam	"The Abode of Peace" in Arabic. Refers to the land of Islam, or the territories in which Islam and its religious laws may be freely practiced	16
62040397	hijra	the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution a.d. 622: regarded as the beginning of the Muslim Era.	17
62040398	Sunni	A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammed	18
62040399	Shi'a	the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammed	19
62040400	Ali	the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites, Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad; one of orthodox caliphs; focus for Shi'a.	20
62040401	imam	(Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque A title for a person whose leadership or example is to be followed	21
62040402	mahdi	According to Islamic tradition, a messianic leader will appear to restore justice, truth, and religion for a brief period before the Day of Judgement	22